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Anatomy > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

what is a joint?

A

a location where two or more bones come together

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2
Q

what are the two roles of joints?

A

allow us to move
hold our skeleton together

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3
Q

how many names does each joint have?

A

2

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4
Q

what is the anatomical name based upon?

A

what separates the bones

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5
Q

what is the physiological name based upon?

A

how well the joint moves

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6
Q

what is the anatomical name of an immovable joint?

A

fibrous joint

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7
Q

what is the physiological name of an immovable joint?

A

synarthrosis

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8
Q

what is the anatomical name of a slightly moveable joint?

A

cartilage joint

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9
Q

what is the physiological name of a slightly moveable joint?

A

amphiarthrosis

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10
Q

what is the anatomical name of a freely moving joint?

A

synovial joint

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11
Q

what is the physiological name of a freely moving joint?

A

diarthrosis

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12
Q

what are examples of fibrous joint?

A

cranial sutures, teeth sockets

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13
Q

what are examples of cartilage joint?

A

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

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14
Q

what are examples of synovial joint?

A

shoulder and knee

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15
Q

what are fibrous joints separated by?

A

fibrous CT

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16
Q

what are cartilage joints separated by?

A

cartilage

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17
Q

what are synovial joints separated by?

A

synovial fluid

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18
Q

what is the most common type of joint?

A

hinge

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19
Q

what type of movement does a hinge joint allow?

A

allows a joint to only bend (flex) and straighten (extend)

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20
Q

what are examples of hinge joints?

A

femur-tibia (knee), phalanges-phalanges, temporomandibular joint

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21
Q

what type of movement does a pivot joint allow?

A

allows only 180 rotation, one bone rotates around another

22
Q

what are examples of pivot joints?

A

atlas-axis, radius-humerus

23
Q

what type of movement does a saddle joint allow for?

A

allows a joint to bend (flex) and straighten (extend), allows a joint to move side to side

24
Q

what is an example of a saddle joint?

A

metacarpal of thumb-trapezium

25
Q

what type of movement does a plane joint allow for?

A

bones slide against each other like blocks gliding against each other

26
Q

what are examples for plane joints?

A

carpals, tarsals

27
Q

what type of movement does a ball and socket joint allow for?

A

allows many different types of movement, most moveable type of joint

28
Q

what are examples for ball and socket joints?

A

femur-pelvis (hip), humerus-scapula (shoulder)

29
Q

what type of movement does a condyloid joint allow for?

A

allows a joint to bend (flex) and straighten (extend), allows a joint to slightly shift side to side

30
Q

what is a condyloid joint?

A

modified ball and socket joint

31
Q

what is an example of a condyloid joint?

A

proximal phalanges-metacarpals (knuckles)

32
Q

what is the definition for a flexion?

A

decreasing an angle between 2 bones (bending)

33
Q

what is the definition for a extension?

A

increasing an angle between 2 bones (straighten)

34
Q

what is the definition for a hyperextension?

A

extending beyond a straight line

35
Q

what is the definition for a dorsiflexion?

A

toes/foot point upwards

36
Q

what is the definition for a plantaflexion?

A

toes/foot point downwards

37
Q

what is the definition for an abduction?

A

pulling the limbs away from the midline

38
Q

what is the definition for an adduction?

A

bringing the limbs back towards midline

39
Q

what is the definition for a circumduction?

A

circular motion at a ball and socket joint

40
Q

what is the definition for a rotation?

A

180 degree rotation (twisting)

41
Q

what is the definition for a lateral rotation?

A

rotating out to the side

42
Q

what is the definition for a medial rotation?

A

rotating in toward the midline

43
Q

what is the definition for a supination?

A

palm rotates up

44
Q

what is the definition for a pronation?

A

palm rotates down

45
Q

what is the definition for an eversion?

A

elevating your lateral soles (big toe side down)

46
Q

what is the definition for inversion?

A

elevating your medial sole (pinky toe side down)

47
Q

what is the definition for a protraction?

A

to stick out

48
Q

what is the definition for a retraction?

A

to pull back down

49
Q

what is the definition for a elevation?

A

to raise up

50
Q

what is the definition for a depression?

A

to lower

Anatomy (13 decks)

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