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Anatomy > respiration system > Flashcards

respiration system Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulmonary ventilation also known as?

A

breathing

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2
Q

What are the steps of respiration?

A

pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration, and transport of oxygen and CO2

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3
Q

When we complete inspiration what happens?

A

air moves into the lungs

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4
Q

Where does external respiration occur?

A

lungs

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5
Q

What happens during external respiration?

A

oxygen diffuses out of the lungs into the blood, CO2 diffused into the lungs

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6
Q

What happens during internal respiration?

A

oxygen diffused into the cell tissue, CO2 diffused out of the tissue

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7
Q

Which system helps the respiratory system to transport oxygen?

A

cardiovascular system

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8
Q

Which order does the process of cellular respiration occur in?

A

pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport oxygen and CO2, internal respiration

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9
Q

Where does internal respiration occur?

A

cell tissue

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10
Q

Immediately after the bronchi

A

bronchioles

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11
Q

Immediately after the epiglottis

A

larynx

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12
Q

Immediately after the nasal cavity

A

pharynx

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13
Q

Immediately after the nasal cavity

A

pharynx

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14
Q

long tube that leads to the lungs; made of rings of cartilage

A

trachea

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15
Q

300 million air filled sacs in each lung

A

alveoli

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16
Q

covered in capillaries

A

alveoli

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17
Q

full of hair and mucus to trap microbes

A

nose

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18
Q

holds the vocal cords

A

larynx

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19
Q

hollow area behind your nose

A

nasal cavity

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20
Q

also known as your windpipe

A

trachea

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21
Q

another word for the throat

A

pharynx

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22
Q

not actually part of respiratory tract

A

diaphragm

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23
Q

sheet of skeletal muscle

A

diaphragm

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24
Q

closed when a person is swallowing

A

epiglottis

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25
Q

contracts and relaxes to cause inspiration and expiration

A

diaphragm

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26
Q

the exact site where oxygen enters the bloodstream and exits the air

A

alveoli

27
Q

door at the top of the trachea

A

epiglottis

28
Q

full of cilla with trap pathogens before entered the pharynx

A

nasal cavity

29
Q

smaller branches inside the lungs

A

bronchioles

30
Q

splits into the esophagus or the trachea

A

pharynx

31
Q

the exact site where CO2 is produced

A

alveoli

32
Q

flap of cartilage that prevents water or food from entering the trachea

A

epiglottis

33
Q

the healthier location to breathe in through

A

nose

34
Q

two branches that each enter a lung

A

bronchi

35
Q

voice box

A

larynx

36
Q

warms air up before it reaches your lungs

A

nasal cavity

37
Q

which body cavities is the diaphragm between?

A

thoracic and abdominal

38
Q

When the diaphragm relaxes what do the rib muscles do?

A

relax

39
Q

When the diaphragm relaxes, what happens to the volume of the chest
cavity and lungs?

A

it decreases

40
Q

When the diaphragm relaxes, what happens to the level of pressure in the
lungs?

A

it increase (there is high pressure in the lungs)

41
Q

When the diaphragm relaxes, what is caused?

A

air is forced out of the lungs; expiration

42
Q

The more activity your cells have….

A

the more oxygen you need and the faster you need to breathe

43
Q

Which structure monitors the level of CO2 carried in the blood?

A

brain stem

44
Q

As you increase your level of activity, what happens to the level of CO2 in the blood?

A

there is more CO2 in the blood

45
Q

What best describes breathing rate?

A

it is mainly involuntary, but a person can override the system and control their own breathing rate

46
Q

Air that enters the alveoli during inspiration is…

A

high in 02 and low in CO2

47
Q

What does having high O2 levels and low CO2 levels cause?

A

02 diffuses out of the alveoli and into the blood; CO2 diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli

48
Q

Which is the proper pathway of 02 once it enters the alveoli?

A

air - alveolar membranes - capillary walls - blood

49
Q

When CO2 arrives at the alveoli from the blood, what is its proper pathway?

A

blood - capillary walls - alveolar membranes - blood

50
Q

What percent of 02 is carried by red blood cells?

A

95% -98%

51
Q

What is true about hemoglobin?

A

each molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules

52
Q

What is true of red blood cells?

A

each red blood cell has 250 million hemoglobin molecules and therefore can carry 1 billion oxygen molecules

53
Q

When blood reaches the tissue cells, which is true of the concentration of oxygen?

A

oxygen is higher in the blood than it is in the body tissues, so it is released from hemoglobin and diffuses into the body tissue

54
Q

when blood reaches the tissue cells, which is true of the concentration of CO2?

A

CO2 is lower in the blood than it is in the body tissue, so it diffuses out of the body tissues and enters the blood

55
Q

What is not a way CO2 can be carried through the blood?

A

in the form of an ammonia ion

56
Q

What happens when bicarbonate ions enters the lungs?

A

they convert back into CO2 and water so the CO2 can be exhaled

57
Q

What is the process by which our cells convert oxygen and glucose to
ATP is known as?

A

cellular respiration

58
Q

What is exhalation known as?

A

expiration

59
Q

what is it known as when gases from your blood pass into your body tissues?

A

internal respiration

60
Q

What is it known as when gases from the atmosphere pass into our blood in our lungs

A

external respiration

61
Q

What muscle is responsible for breathing?

A

diaphragm

62
Q

What controls the rate of breathing?

A

brain and brain stem

63
Q

What is it known as when a substance moves from high or low concentration

A

diffusion

64
Q

When ion does hemoglobin contain that allow it to bind to oxygen?

A

iron

Anatomy (13 decks)

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