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Anatomy > muscles > Flashcards

muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is excitability?

A

ability to receive and respond to stimuli

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2
Q

What is contractility?

A

muscles ability to shorten

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3
Q

What is extensibility?

A

Muscle’s ability to be stretched without tearing

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4
Q

What is elasticity?

A

muscle’s ability to returned to its original shape

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5
Q

What is another word for muscle cell?

A

muscle fiber

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6
Q

What are the smaller parts of cells called?

A

organelles

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7
Q

How many important organelles does a muscle fiber have?

A

5

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8
Q

What is myofibril?

A

the individual proteins that make up a muscle fiber

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9
Q

What is a sarcolemma?

A

the muscle fiber cell membrane

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10
Q

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

regulates levels of calcium ions (Ca 2+) in the muscle fiber

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11
Q

When are calcium ions released?

A

when stimulated by an electrical impulse

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12
Q

What are T-tubules?

A

part of the sarcolemma that protrude deep into the muscle fiber interior

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13
Q

what do T-tubules allow?

A

electrical impulses to reach the deepest parts of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

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14
Q

What are receptors?

A

binding sites on the muscle fiber that receives neurotransmitters

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15
Q

What are motor neurons?

A

neurons that deliver impulses from the brain to the muscle

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16
Q

What do motor neurons stimulate skeletal muscle fibers to do?

A

contract

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17
Q

What is action potential?

A

an electrical impulse that travels through a motor neuron

18
Q

What is neuromuscular junction?

A

where a motor neuron and a muscle fiber come together

19
Q

what is an axon terminal?

A

end of the axon of a neuron (sends an impulse away)

20
Q

What is the synaptic cleft?

A

the space between the axon terminal of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber

21
Q

What is a neurotransmitter?

A

a chemical message released by
neurons

22
Q

What is ACh?

A

acetylcholine

23
Q

What is ACh used for?

A

the neurotransmitter that motor neurons to use to tell skeletal muscle to contract

24
Q

What is neuromuscular junction?

A

where a motor neuron and skeletal muscle fiber communicate

25
Q

What is step 1 of neuromuscular junction?

A

the brain decides to contract a skeletal muscle

26
Q

What is step 2 of neuromuscular junction?

A

motor neurons carry the action potential down the spinal cord to the skeletal muscle

27
Q

What is step 3 of
neuromuscular junction?

A

the action potential arrives at the neuromuscular junction

28
Q

What is step 4 of neuromuscular junction?

A

the action potential causes the axon terminal to releases ACh

29
Q

What is step 5 of neuromuscular junction?

A

ACh binds to receptors on the sarcolemma

30
Q

What is step 6 of neuromuscular junction?

A

the binding causes the action potential to travel down the sarcolemma

31
Q

What is step 7 of neuromuscular junction?

A

The action potential travels down the T-tubules

32
Q

What is step 8 of neuromuscular junction?

A

the sarcoplasmic reticulum is stimulated by the action potential and releases Ca 2+

33
Q

What is step 9 of neuromuscular junction?

A

Ca 2+ triggers the muscles fiber to contract

34
Q

What are I bands?

A

light bands, contains only thin (actin) filaments

35
Q

What is the H zone?

A

Contains only thick filament

36
Q

What is the A band?

A

dark band, contains the entire length of a thick (myosin) filament

37
Q

What is the Z line?

A

boundary between sacromeres

38
Q

What is myosin?

A

thick myofilament, has “heads” to bind to actin

39
Q

What is the M line?

A

“middle line”, holds together the myosin myofilament

40
Q

What is actin?

A

thin myofilament, two strands of pearls

Anatomy (13 decks)

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