nervous system Flashcards
what is the cerebrum?
outer layer & largest part of the brain
What does the cerebrum do?
site of integration
What is the outer layer of the cerebrum?
cerebral cortex
What is the outside of the cerebrum covered by?
sulci and gyri
What is a sulci?
a valley or indent
What is a gyri?
a peak
How many lobes is the cerebrum?
4
How many hemisphere does the cerebrum have?
2 (left; right)
What connects the two hemispheres?
the corpus callosum
What is the diencephalon?
the interbrain- deep within the brain
What does the diencephalon do?
connects the cerebrum to the brain stem
What does the diencephalon contain?
thalamus, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland
What is the pituitary gland?
the master endocrine gland-controls other hormones releasing glands
What does the brain stem do?
attaches the spinal cord to the cerebrum
What does the brain stem control?
basic needs and determines where information entering and leaving the brain needs to go
What does the brain stem consist of?
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
What is the cerebellum?
“little brain”
What does the cerebellum do?
muscle memory and muscle coordination
What is the function of the front lobe?
executive function: planning, organizing, self monitoring, personality, decision making
What does the front lobe contain?
motor cortex and broca’s area
What is the motor cortex?
starts all movement
What is the broca’s area?
allows us to form speech
What does the parietal lobe contain?
sensory cortex and wernicke’s area
What is the sensory cortex?
receives most sensory information
What is the Wernicke’s area?
allows us to understand speech
What does the parietal lobe do?
receives sensory information, controls spatial awareness, allows us to understand speech
What does the temporal lobe do?
receives and interprets auditory and olfactory information, develops memories, controls fear/ anxiety, controls short and long term memory
What does the temporal lobe contain?
amygdala and hippocampus
What is olfactory information?
smell
What does the amygdala control?
fear and anxiety
What does the hippocampus control?
short and long term memory
What does the occipital lobe do?
receives and interprets visual information
What is the midbrain incharge of?
auditory and visual reflexes
What does the thalamus do?
sorts data as it comes to the cerebrum and sends the data to the proper part of the cerebrum
What does the hypothalamus do
maintains homeostasis, controls pituitary gland
What does the medulla oblongata do?
regulates heart rate, respiration rates, and blood vessels dilation and constriction
What are pons?
bridge between the cerebellum and motor cortex/sensory cortex
What does pons do?
allows the cerebellum to better coordinate movement
