Urinary bladder And Urethra Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

What is the normal volume of the urinary bladder?
a) 200ml
b) 220ml
c) 250ml
d) 300ml

Answer: b) 220ml

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What is the maximum volume the urinary bladder can tolerate?
a) 400ml
b) 500ml
c) 600ml
d) 700ml

Answer: b) 500ml

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In an adult, when the urinary bladder is empty, where is it located?
a) Entirely within the abdominal cavity
b) Entirely within the lesser pelvis
c) In both the abdominal cavity and lesser pelvis
d) Near the umbilicus

Answer: b) Entirely within the lesser pelvis

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When the bladder is distended, it can expand into which of the following?
a) Only the lesser pelvis
b) Only the abdominal cavity
c) The abdominal cavity and may arise as high as the umbilicus
d) It cannot expand at all

Answer: c) The abdominal cavity and may arise as high as the umbilicus

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Which surface of the urinary bladder is covered by peritoneum?
a) Inferolateral surface
b) Base (fundus)
c) Superior surface
d) Apex

Answer: c) Superior surface

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What shape is the urinary bladder when viewed from above?
a) Oval
b) Triangular pyramid
c) Rectangular
d) Circular

Answer: b) Triangular pyramid

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What is the apex of the urinary bladder directed towards in adults?
a) Posteriorly to the rectum
b) Downwards to the pelvic floor
c) Anteriorly and upwards to the umbilicus
d) Lateral to the hips

Answer: c) Anteriorly and upwards to the umbilicus

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In males, what is the peritoneum reflected from the posterior border of the bladder to?
a) Uterus
b) Rectum
c) Colon
d) Abdominal wall

Answer: b) Rectum

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What is the peritoneal pouch found in males between the bladder and rectum called?
a) Vesicouterine pouch
b) Rectovesical pouch
c) Paravesical fossae
d) Supravaginal pouch

Answer: b) Rectovesical pouch

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In females, what is the peritoneum reflected from the bladder to?
a) Urethra
b) Uterus
c) Rectum
d) Ovary

Answer: b) Uterus

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What is the vesicouterine pouch found in females?
a) Between the bladder and rectum
b) Between the bladder and uterus
c) Between the bladder and ovaries
d) Between the bladder and abdominal wall

Answer: b) Between the bladder and uterus

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In which direction is the fundus (base) of the urinary bladder directed?
a) Upwards and forwards
b) Backwards and downwards
c) Leftwards and laterally
d) Downwards and towards the pelvis

Answer: b) Backwards and downwards

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In females, the fundus of the urinary bladder is related to which structure?
a) Rectum
b) Uterus
c) Vagina
d) Ovary

Answer: c) Vagina

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In males, the fundus of the urinary bladder is related to which structure?
a) Urethra
b) Rectum
c) Seminal vesicles
d) Prostate

Answer: b) Rectum

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The upper part of the fundus of the urinary bladder is associated with which pouch in males?
a) Rectouterine pouch
b) Vesicouterine pouch
c) Rectovesical pouch
d) Peritoneal pouch

Answer: c) Rectovesical pouch

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The lower part of the fundus of the urinary bladder in males is related to which structures?
a) Rectum and prostate
b) Seminal vesicles and deferent ducts
c) Urethra and bladder neck
d) Rectovesical pouch and uterus

Answer: b) Seminal vesicles and deferent ducts

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What is the name of the tissue between the seminal vesicles and deferent ducts in males?
a) Rectovesical pouch
b) Rectovesical fascia
c) Peritoneal fold
d) Urethral fascia

Answer: b) Rectovesical fascia

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What is the lowest region of the urinary bladder called?
a) Fundus
b) Apex
c) Neck
d) Inferolateral surface

Answer: c) Neck

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The neck of the urinary bladder is pierced by which structure?
a) Urethra
b) Ureter
c) Prostate
d) Seminal vesicles

Answer: a) Urethra

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In males, the neck of the urinary bladder rests on the base of which organ?
a) Prostate
b) Rectum
c) Urethra
d) Seminal vesicles

Answer: a) Prostate

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In females, the neck of the urinary bladder rests on which structure?
a) Urethra
b) Pelvic fascia
c) Uterus
d) Rectum

Answer: b) Pelvic fascia

The inferolateral surfaces of the urinary bladder face in which direction?
a) Anteroinferiorly
b) Posteriorly
c) Superiorly
d) Laterally

Answer: a) Anteroinferiorly

In males, the puboprostatic ligament is associated with which part of the urinary bladder?
a) Inferolateral surface
b) Neck
c) Fundus
d) Apex

Answer: b) Neck

Which of the following is considered a true ligament of the urinary bladder?
a) Median umbilical fold
b) Puboprostatic ligament (pubovesical ligament in females)
c) Medial umbilical folds
d) Peritoneal pouches

Answer: b) Puboprostatic ligament (pubovesical ligament in females)

The muscular layer of the urinary bladder consists of which type of muscle? a) Smooth muscle b) Cardiac muscle c) Skeletal muscle d) Striated muscle

Answer: a) Smooth muscle

How many layers does the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder have? a) 2 layers b) 3 layers c) 4 layers d) 5 layers

Answer: b) 3 layers

Which of the following is NOT one of the layers of the detrusor muscle? a) External longitudinal b) Middle circular c) Inner longitudinal d) External circular

Answer: d) External circular

The middle circular layer of the detrusor muscle is also known as which of the following? a) Sphincter vesicae muscle b) Prostatic sphincter c) Urethral muscle d) Bladder base muscle

Answer: a) Sphincter vesicae muscle

Where is the sphincter vesicae muscle located in the urinary bladder? a) At the apex of the bladder b) At the base of the bladder c) At the internal urethral orifice d) In the fundus of the bladder

Answer: c) At the internal urethral orifice

The middle circular muscle layer of the bladder is under which type of nervous system control? a) Somatic nervous system b) Autonomic nervous system c) Central nervous system d) Peripheral nervous system

Answer: b) Autonomic nervous system

Which arteries supply the urinary bladder? a) Superior and inferior vesical arteries b) Internal iliac and femoral arteries c) Renal and femoral arteries d) Common iliac and external iliac arteries

Answer: a) Superior and inferior vesical arteries

The veins of the urinary bladder drain into which venous plexus? a) Vesical plexus b) Renal plexus c) Internal iliac plexus d) Hepatic plexus

Answer: a) Vesical plexus

The sympathetic nerve fibers to the urinary bladder originate from which spinal levels? a) T1 to T5 b) L1 to L4 c) Lower 2 thoracic and upper 2 lumbar levels d) S2 to S4

Answer: c) Lower 2 thoracic and upper 2 lumbar levels

Parasympathetic nerve fibers to the urinary bladder originate from which spinal levels? a) T1 to T5 b) L1 to L4 c) S2 to S4 d) C1 to C4

Answer: c) S2 to S4

Lymphatic drainage from the urinary bladder is primarily into which lymph nodes? a) External iliac and common iliac nodes b) Inguinal nodes c) Thoracic nodes d) Cervical nodes

Answer: a) External iliac and common iliac nodes

The male urethra is approximately how long? a) 10-15 cm b) 15-20 cm c) 20-25 cm d) 5-10 cm

Answer: b) 15-20 cm

Which part of the male urethra is the widest? a) Membranous part b) Prostatic part c) Spongiose part d) External part

Answer: b) Prostatic part

Which of the following is located on the posterior wall of the prostatic part of the male urethra? a) Urethral crest b) Seminal colliculus c) Prostatic sinus d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

The membranous part of the male urethra is: a) The longest and widest part b) The shortest and narrowest part c) The most dilatable part d) Located in the corpus spongiosum of the penis

Answer: b) The shortest and narrowest part

The membranous urethra passes through which structure? a) Urethral bulb b) Urogenital diaphragm c) Pelvic diaphragm d) Corpus spongiosum

Answer: b) Urogenital diaphragm

The external urethral sphincter, or sphincter urethrae muscle, is located around which part of the male urethra? a) Prostatic part b) Membranous part c) Spongiose part d) External urethral orifice

Answer: b) Membranous part

The external urethral sphincter is innervated by which nerve? a) Pelvic splanchnic nerve b) Pudendal nerve c) Sciatic nerve d) Vagus nerve

Answer: b) Pudendal nerve

The spongiose part of the male urethra is located in which structure? a) Urogenital diaphragm b) Corpus spongiosum of the penis c) Prostate gland d) Bladder

Answer: b) Corpus spongiosum of the penis

Which of the following is the narrowest part of the male urethra? a) Spongiose part b) Membranous part c) External urethral orifice d) Prostatic part

Answer: c) External urethral orifice

Which part of the male urethra is most dilated? a) Membranous part b) Spongiose part c) Intrabulbar fossa and navicular fossa d) Prostatic part

Answer: c) Intrabulbar fossa and navicular fossa

Which glands open into the spongiose part of the male urethra? a) Prostate gland b) Bulbourethral glands c) Seminal vesicles d) Adrenal glands

Answer: b) Bulbourethral glands

The female urethra is approximately how long? a) 2-3 cm b) 4-5 cm c) 6-7 cm d) 8-10 cm

Answer: b) 4-5 cm

The female urethra is much more dilatable than the male urethra. What is the typical diameter? a) 2 mm b) 4 mm c) 6 mm d) 10 mm

Answer: c) 6 mm

The female urethra extends from which structure to which other structure? a) From the external urethral orifice to the bladder b) From the internal urethral orifice to the external urethral orifice c) From the rectum to the vaginal opening d) From the prostate to the bladder

Answer: b) From the internal urethral orifice to the external urethral orifice

Which of the following is NOT found in the epithelium of the female urethra? a) Longitudinal folds b) Urethral crest c) Urethral glands d) Seminal vesicles

Answer: d) Seminal vesicles