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CPPS 221 > urinary and reproductive systems > Flashcards

urinary and reproductive systems Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy of the kidney

capped with

A

adrenal glands

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2
Q

kidneys are located lateral to the vertebral column between the last ______

A

thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae on each side

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3
Q

three layers of connective tissue layers encapsulate the kidneys

A

-renal fascia
-perinephric/perirneal fat capsule
-renal capsule

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4
Q

connective tissue around kidneys

renal fascia

A

Most superficial layer
Dense connective tissue
Surrounds both kidneys and adrenal glands

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5
Q

connective tissue around kidneys

perinephric/ perirenal fat capsule

A

layer of adipose tissue

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6
Q

connective tissue around kidneys

renal capsule

A

directly covers the outer surface of the kidney

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7
Q

renal arteries enter at the hilum, renal veins and utters exit at the

A

hilum

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8
Q

renal cortex

A

outer regions (granular, reddish-brown)

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9
Q

renal medulla

A

inner regions (composed of renal pyramids with striped appearance)

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10
Q

renal columns

A

separate renal pyramids

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11
Q

major and minor calyces

A

collect urine from renal lobes (a pyramid and surrounding cortical tissue)

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12
Q

right renal vein drains right in

A

IVC

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13
Q

right gonadal and right suprarenal veins drain right in

A

IVC

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14
Q

left gonadal and left suprarenal veins drain in ______

A

left renal vein

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15
Q

urerters
function

A

Carry urine out of the kidneys to the bladder

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16
Q

layers of connective tissue outside the kidney from outside to inside

A

renal fascia
perirenal fat capsule
renal capsule

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17
Q

ureters

capable of

A

peristalsis

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18
Q

ureters

connect to the bladder at an angle that

A

prevents back flow of urine

19
Q

ureters exit the kidney at the

A

hilum

20
Q

ureters

enter posterior/inferior side of bladder at the ____- in the trigone area

A

ureteral openings

21
Q

the -_______ is sensitive to expansion (stretch); when it gets full, signals to empty bladder

A

trigone

22
Q

trigone is formed by the _____ and internal urethral orifice

A

2 ureteric orifices

23
Q

urinary bladder

_______ help maintain the position of the bladder

A

peritoneal folds

24
Q

urinary bladder

detrusor muscle: smooth muscle layer of the bladder
function

A

involuntary (brain and SC control mechanism of voiding – can be trained)
Bladder expands to fill and contracts to empty – need compliance
Can be very sensitive to bladder irritants and muscular tension

25
Q

urinary bladder

internal/external sphincter

the exit of bladder/entrance of urethra: function

A

smooth muscle (involuntary) – structurally different in female

26
Q

male bladder and urethra

length? 3 parts

A

18 to 20 cm in length, subdivided based on location into three parts

27
Q

membranous urethra short segment that goes through the _________

A

urogenital diaphragm (site of external urethral sphincter

28
Q

prostatic urethra passes through

A

prostate gland

29
Q

spongey urethra (penile urethra) extends through the penis to the

A

external urethral orifce

30
Q

IUS- fails during

A

retrograde ejaculation

31
Q

female bladder and urethra

base of the bladder is __________________

A

inferior to the uterus, anterior to the vagina

32
Q

female urethra length

A

Shorter (3-5 cm) (partly why
more women suffer UTIs than men)

33
Q

female bladder

external urethral oriffice is near the

A

anterior wall of the vagina (more external in females)
Internal - structurally different than in male

34
Q

internal genitalia are located in the pelvic cavity

male and female

A

Uterus, cervix, ovaries, and uterine tubes in females
Prostate gland, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles in males

35
Q

external genitalia are located in the perineum

A

Clitoris, labia majora, and labia minora in females (vulva)
Penis and scrotum in males

36
Q

structures supporting the ovaries

3

A

Ovarian ligament (contained within
broad ligament)
Suspensory ligament (contains gonadal
vessels – attach ovary to sidewall of pelvis)
Mesovarium (part of broad ligament)

37
Q

uterine tube contains

A

fimbrae
infidibulum
ampulla
isthusms

38
Q

strutures supporting uterus 2

A

broad ligament
round ligament

39
Q

pelvic floor muscles

3 layers

A

superficial
middle
deep

39
Q

pelvic floor muscles

superficial

A

sexual, external anal sphincter

40
Q

pelvic floor muscles

middle

A

Urinary sphincter control, supportive/trampoline

41
Q

pelvic floor muscles

deep

A

largest, support, pressure control

42
Q

pelvic floor muscles (function) 4 S’s

A
  • Supportive, sphincter, sexual, stabilize*** (regulate pressure)

CPPS 221 (16 decks)

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