Nervous system: spinal cord and spinal nerves Flashcards
spinal cord is made up of _____________
100 million neurons
spinal cord is the pathway for sensory input to brain and __________ from the brain
motor output
spinal cord provides __________ to stimuli
quick reflexes
spinal cord is _____ in shape
oval
spinal cord starts at the _______ and ends at the _______ as the film terminale
medulla oblongata, conus medularis
elongation of the spinal cord stops at age ____ while vertebral column continues
4 or 5
conus medullar is (terminal part of spinal cord) ends ar the level of intervertebral disc between ______
L1 and L2
filum terminal is an extension of
conus medullaris
the central nervous system is protected by (4)
vertebral column
meninges, 3 layers that lie between the norms tissues and the bones
CSF which lies between the meningeal layers, shock absorbent
denticulate ligament
all roots make plexus expect the thoracic ____
2-12
cervical plexus
C__ - C___ with contribution from C5
C1 - C4
cervical plexus
supplies the ___, ____ and _____
head, neck and superior border of shoulder and chest
cervical plexus
deep to ____ and anterior to _____ and ______
SCM
middle scalene
levator scapulae
cervical plexus
sensory branches:
C2-C4
cervical plexus
muscular branches C1-C5
phrenic nerve:
C3-5
Brachial plexus
arises from
C5-C8 and T1
Brachial plexus
supplies the whole ____, _____ and _____
upper limb, lateral chest wall and superficial muscles of the back
Brachial plexus
root unite to form _____
trunks (superior, middle and inferior)
Brachial plexus
trunks diverge into
divisions (anterior and posterior)
Brachial plexus
divisions in the axilla unite to form _____
cords (medial,, lateral and posterior
Brachial plexus
cords end up with ______
terminals (peripheral nerves)
Lumbar plexus
roots of spinal nerves ___
L1-L4
Lumbar plexus
____ muscle is a landmark (embedded in this muscle)
Psoas
Lumbar plexus
supplies the anterolateral ______ , ____ and part of ____
abdominal wall, external genitalia and part of lower limb
Lumbar plexus
largest is _______ which innervates anterior compartments of lower limb
femoral nerve
Lumbar plexus
5 trunks combine to form
-lateral femoral
-cutaneous nerve
-femoral nerve
-obturator nerve
Sacral plexus
the roots of spinal nerves ______
L4-L5 and S1-S4
Sacral plexus
supplies ___, ___ and ____
buttocks, perineum and lower limbs
Sacral plexus
the _____ arises from the sacral plexus
sciatic nerve
Sacral plexus
sciatic nerve through greater sciatic notch branches to
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
tibial nerve: innervate the flexors of the _____ and _____ of the ankle and _____ of the toes.
knee, plantar flexors and flexors
it runs along with posterior tibial artery and vein
common fibular nerve: innervates the short head of _____
biceps femoris
common fibular nerve is further subdivided into:
superficial fibular nerve
deep fibular nerve
superficial fibular nerve innervates
fibulas longus and fibulas breves
deep fibular never innervates
anterior tibial muscles and run along with anterior tibial artery and vein
coccygeal plexus
small plexus by _____ and coccygeal nerves
S4-S5
coccygeal plexus
supplies small area of the skin in the _____
coccygeal region
