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CPPS 221 > special senses: vision and hearing > Flashcards

special senses: vision and hearing Flashcards

1
Q

eyelids

A

-upper and lower
-shade eyes during sleep
-protect eyes from foreign bodies
-closed by orbicular oculi muscle

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2
Q

eyelashes and eyebrows
eyelashes are associated tie ________ called tarsal glands

A

sebaceous gland

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3
Q

eyelashes secret _____ product which keeps eyelashes from sticking together

A

lipid-rich

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4
Q

conjunctiva

A

thin, protective mucous membrane

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5
Q

conjunctiva, composed of _____________

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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6
Q

palpebral conjuctiva

A

lines the inner aspect of the eyelids

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7
Q

bulbar conjunctiva

A

passes from the eyelids onto the surface of the eyeball and covers sclera (the white of the eye)

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8
Q

extrinsic muscles of the eye (6)

A

-superior rectus
-inferior rectus
-medial rectus
-lateral rectus
superior oblique
-inferior oblique

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9
Q

function of extrinsic eye muscles

A

these muscles are inserted on the eyes outer surface and function to rotate the eyeball

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10
Q

All extrinsic eye muscles are innervated by oculomotor nerve except Lateral rectus and superior oblique are innervated by __________

A

abducens and trochlear nerves respectively

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11
Q

actions of superior rectus

A

elevates + adducts

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12
Q

actions of inferior rectus

A

depress + adducts

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13
Q

actions of medial rectus

A

adducts

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14
Q

actions of lateral rectus

A

abducts

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15
Q

actions of superior oblique

A

depress + abducts

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16
Q

actions of inferior oblique

A

elevates + abducts

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17
Q

eyeball wall - 3 layers

A

-fibrous tunic (cornea, sclera)
-vasucular tunic (choroid, ciliary body and iris)
-retina

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18
Q

fibrous tunic consists of anterior _____ and posterior _______

A

cornea and sclera

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19
Q

cornea is avascular transparent coat that covers the coloured________ continuous with sclera

A

iris

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20
Q

fibrous tunic focuses light onto the ____

A

retina

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21
Q

outer surface of fibrous tunic consists of nonkeratinized stratified ___________ (support)

A

squamous epithelium

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22
Q

middle coat of fibrous tunic consists of _____ and ____

A

collagen fibers and fibroblasts

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23
Q

inner surface of fibrous tunic is ______

A

simple squamous epithelium

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24
Q

sclera is the ____ of the eye

A

white

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25
Q

sclera is a layer of __________ made up of mostly collagen fibres and fibroblasts

A

dense connective tissue

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26
Q

sclera covers the entire eyeball except the

A

cornea

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27
Q

sclera serves as the site of attachment for

A

the extrinsic eye muscles

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28
Q

vascular tunic is the ___ layer of eyeball (uvea)

A

middle

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29
Q

vascular tunic consists of 3 layers

A

iris, ciliary body and choroid

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30
Q

iris is the ____ of the eyeball

A

coloured portion

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31
Q

vascular tunic is suspended between the _____ and the _____

A

cornea and lens

32
Q

vascular tunic consists of ____ and circular and radial smooth muscle fibers

A

melanocytes

33
Q

the amount of ____ in the iris determines eye colour

A

melanin

34
Q

a function of the iris is to regulate the ___________ though the pupil

A

regulate the amount of light entering the eyeball through pupil

35
Q

vascular tunic- ciliary body

as its periphery the iris attaches to the anterior portion of _______

A

the ciliary body

36
Q

vascular tunic- ciliary body

ciliary body begins at the junction of the ______ and ____ and extends posteriorly to the ora serrata

A

cornea and sclera

37
Q

vascular tunic- ciliary body

ciliary body consists of the _____ and has numerous folds called cilia processes

A

ciliary muscle

38
Q

vascular tunic- choroid

a highly vascular layer separates the fibrous layer and inner layer posterior to _____ what is the function?

A

ora serrata

delivers oxygen to the retina

39
Q

neural tunic- retina

2 layers

A

pigmented (other thin layer)
neural (inner thick layer)

40
Q

neural tunic- retina

pigmented layer continues over ____ and
what is the function ?

A

ciliary Boyd and iris

absorbs light after it passes through retina

41
Q

neural tunic- retina

neural layer only extends as far as ora serrata, contains ________ that respond to light

A

photoreceptors

42
Q

the 3 parts of the ear

A

external
middle
internal

43
Q

part of ear that collects sound waves

A

external ear

44
Q

part of ear that amplifies sound waves

A

middle ear

45
Q

part of ear that contains sensory organs for hearing and equilibrium

A

internal ear

46
Q

external ear consist of (3)

A

auricle
external acoustic meatus
tympanic membrane

47
Q

auricle

A

(rim is the helix while inferior part is the lobule) - fleshy

48
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

(lies in the temporal bone) -passageway

49
Q

tympanic membrane

A

(eardrum): semi- transparent partition between external acoustic meatus and middle ear

50
Q

middle ear

separated from external ear by ______

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

51
Q

middle ear

contains tympanic cavity in where ______ are located

A

auditory ossicles

52
Q

middle ear

what are the 3 auditory ossicles

A

malleus, incus and stapes (tiny ear bones)

53
Q

middle ear

vibration of tympanic membrane converts sound waves into _____

A

mechanical movement

54
Q

the vibration of the _____ vibrates fluid contents of inner ear

A

stapes

55
Q

middle ear

oval window

A

the base of footplate of stapes fits into oval window

56
Q

middle ear

oval window is in

A

cochlear wall

57
Q

middle ear

oval window- movement of the stapes causes oval window to vibrate these vibrations are conducted to the __________ (fluid of inner ear)

A

perilymph

58
Q

middle ear

oval window
leads to stimulation of the receptors in ______ and we hear sound

A

cochlear duct

59
Q

middle ear

round window: directly blow oval window and enclosed by a membrane called __________

A

secondary tympanic membrane

60
Q

middle ear

round window
separates ______ from air filled middle ear

A

cochlear chambers

61
Q

inner ear

inner ear has the sensory receptors for _____ and ____

A

hearing and equilibrium

62
Q

inner ear

consists of ______ that encloses an inner membranous labyrinth

A

bony labyrinth

63
Q

inner ear

bony labyrinth is divided into (3)

A
  1. semicircular canals
  2. vestibule
  3. cochlea
64
Q

inner ear

bony labyrinth is lined with _____ and contains perilymph and protects and surrounds the membranous labyrinth

A

periosteum

65
Q

inner ear

semicircular canals (anterior, posterior and lateral)
placement?

A

projected superiorly and posteriorly from the vestibule

66
Q

inner ear

at the end of each canal an enlargement called ____ is located

A

ampulla

67
Q

inner ear

____ gives rise to the 3 semicircular canals

A

vestibule

68
Q

inner ear

___ anterior to vestibule, a bony spiral canal

A

cochlea

69
Q

cochlea

is formed of 3 channels

A

scala vestibule
scala tympani
cochlear duct

70
Q

cochlea

scala vestibule ends at ____

A

oval window

71
Q

cochlea

scala tympani ends at ____

A

round window

72
Q

cochlea

cochlear duct (scala media) continuation of __________- in cochlea

A

membranous labyrtinh

73
Q

vestibular membrane separates ______ from scala vestibuli

A

cochlear duct

74
Q

________ cochlear duct from scala tympani

A

basilar membrane

75
Q
A

CPPS 221 (16 decks)

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