Urinary

Question 1

Organ that cleanses the blood of waste products
-Responsible for forming urine and filtering waste products out of the blood
-Lima bean shaped
-Renal cortex: outer layer
-Renal medulla: inner portion
-Nephrons: microscopic structures that function in filtration process
-Glomerulus: a cluster of capillaries around the renal tube

Answer 1

Kidneys

Question 2

Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Answer 2

Ureters

Question 3

Saclike organ that collects and stores urine

Answer 3

Urinary bladder

Question 4

Passageway for urine to exit the body through

Answer 4

Urethra

Question 5

Abnormal development of tissue

Answer 5

Dysplasia

Question 6

Blood in the urine

Answer 6

Hematuria

Question 7

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or the body

Answer 7

Hypoplasia

Question 8

A toxic condition caused by retention in the blood of waste products normally excreted in the urine
-Associated with strong odor and sometimes yellow discoloration
-High levels of nitrogenous waste
-Dehydration and edema commonly associated

Answer 8

Uremia

Question 9

Blood and protein in the urine with salt and water retention in the body
-May be caused by strep throat, a skin infection, hepatitis, diabetes, or IV drug use
-Acute at first but may progress into chronic

Answer 9

Glomerulonephritis

Question 10

Glomerulonephritis associated changes:
1. Anatomical
2. Physiological

Answer 10

1. Anatomical
   -Number of cells in glomerulus increase
   -Immune cells gather in the glomerulus
   -Capillary walls in glomerulus thicken
2. Physiological
   -Excess protein in urine
   -Blood in urine
   Edema
   -High blood pressure

Question 11

Inflammation of the nephrons of the kidney
-Caused by renal infection
-May migrate from the bladder
-Usually acute

Answer 11

Pyelonephritis

Question 12

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidneys
-Commonly known as kidney infections
-Commonly a bacterial infection that has traveled from the urethra to the bladder to the ureters

Answer 12

Pyelitis

Question 13

Distention of the renal pelvis with urine as a result of obstruction
-Occurs as part of another condition, it is NOT a disease itself
-May involve one or both kidneys

Answer 13

Hydronephrosis

Question 14

One or more kidney stones in the urinary system
-Commonly occurs when kidney stones are present

Answer 14

Nephrolithiasis

Question 15

Kidney stones
-Usually occur due to over concentrated urine
-Recurrence is common

Answer 15

Renal calculi

Question 16

Inflammation of the urinary bladder
-Interstitial ___ is a form that includes the bladder and the surrounding pelvic region

Answer 16

Cystitis

Question 17

Inflammation of the urethra
-Commonly referred to as a urinary tract infection (UIT)
-Significantly more common in women

Answer 17

Urethritis

Question 18

Disorder in which the normal renal tissue is replaced with clusters of cysts
-Can cause kidneys to become enlarged
-Enlarged kidneys may compress nephrons

Answer 18

Polycystic kindneys

Question 19

Kidneys are smaller than normal
-May not be able to function properly beyond childhood

Answer 19

Hypoplasia

Question 20

Abnormal tissue development in the kidney
-May affect one or both kidneys

Answer 20

Dysplasia

Question 21

Loss of function of the kidneys due to a sudden drop in blood pressure
-Drop in blood pressure is due to trauma, surgery complication, septic shock, hemorrhage, burns, dehydration, a blockage in the renal artery, or an infection
-Reversible

Answer 21

Acute renal failure

Question 22

Progressive loss of function of the kidneys
-Usually irreversible
-May progress to a fatal stage
-Results in accumulation of fluid and waste products in the blood which results in uremia
-May be the result of another disease

Answer 22

Chronic renal failure