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Path II > Digestive system > Flashcards

Digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

Exocrine gland functioning in metabolism, bile production, and detoxification of blood

A

Liver

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2
Q

Stores bile

A

Gallbladder

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3
Q

Gland that produces pancreatic juices

A

Pancreas

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4
Q

Membrane lining the abdominal cavity and abdominal organs

A

Peritoneum

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5
Q

A growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane

A

Polyp

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6
Q

Inflammation of the pharynx
-Usually viral
-Causes sore throat

A

Pharyngitis

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7
Q

Inflammation of the gingiva (gums)
-Usually caused by plaque build up

A

Gingivitis

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8
Q

Inflammation of the esophagus
-Often caused by gastroesophageal reflux
-Often associated with dyspepsia or heartburn

A

Esophagitis

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9
Q

Inflammation of the stomach lining
-Often associated with alcohol, NSAIDs, or smoke
-May be chronic or acute

A

Gastritis

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10
Q

Inflammation of the small intestine
-Usually bacterial infection
-Can include the stomach and colon as well

A

Enteritis

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11
Q

Inflammation of the colon
-May be subtypes (IBS, Chron’s, Ulcerative colitis)
-May be acute or chronic

A

Colitis

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12
Q

Inflammation of the vermiform appendix
-Can rupture if left untreated

A

Appendicitis

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13
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum
-Primary is the result of ___
-Secondary is the result of ___

A

Peritonitis
-Primary is the result of an infection
-Secondary is the result of a ruptured organ

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14
Q

Tiny pouches in the intestinal tract

A

Diverticula

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15
Q

The formation of diverticula in the intestinal tract

A

Diverticulosis

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16
Q

Inflammation of the diverticula
-Usually happens when food particles become trapped

A

Diverticulitis

17
Q

An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
-Usually in the stomach or small intestine
-Usually occurs because of tissue erosion and often caused by a bacterial infection

A

Ulcer

18
Q

Causes ulcers in the lower part of the colon, other parts of the large intestine, and lining of the rectum

A

Ulcerative colitis

19
Q

Where are these ulcers located?
1. Peptic
2. Gastric
3. Duodenal

A
  1. In the stomach and the duodenum
  2. In the stomach
  3. In the duodenum
20
Q

Inflamed blood vessels around the rectum
-May occur because of stress, pregnancy, or aging

A

Hemorrhoids

21
Q

A thickening of the pylorus
-Occurs in babies (under 6mo old)
-Causes forced vomiting
-Fixed with a surgical procedure

A

Pyloric stenosis

22
Q

A defect or deformity
-Any development malformation affecting the digestive system

A

Malformation (anomaly)

23
Q

Abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the wall that normally contains it
-May be associated with pregnancy, heavy lifting, obesity, or pathology

A

Hernia

24
Q

What are the Hyperplastic and neoplastic disorders in the digestive system?

A

-Carcinoma of the stomach (gastric cancer)
-Liver cancer
-Colorectal cancer
-Polyps (may be benign or malignant)

25
Q

Obstruction from an abnormal constriction of a passageway or orifice

A

Stenosis

26
Q

Obstruction from an abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the wall that normally contains it

A

Hernia

27
Q

Obstruction from the loss of muscle movement

A

Paralysis

28
Q

Obstruction from a twisting of the intestine

A

Volvulus

29
Q

Obstruction from a portion of the intestine slips into a pervious section (telescoping)

A

Intussusception

30
Q

Obstruction due to inflammation from an infection

A

Infectious blockage

31
Q

Obstruction due to something like gallstones

A

Bile duct blockage

32
Q

Obstruction by two areas adhere to each other that would not normally be connected

A

Adhesion

33
Q

Inflammation of the liver
-Several types and several causes
-Can be acute or chronic
-May be associated with jaundice
-Other types can include autoimmune, drug-induced, alcoholic, typeD, typeE

A

Hepatitis

34
Q

Types of hepatitis:
1. Viral, always acute
2. Chronic, associated with body fluids
3. Acute or chronic, associated with body fluids

A
  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
35
Q

Degenerative disorder of the liver
-Chronic
-Usually caused by alcoholism or hepatitis
-Causes the liver to harden
-May cause buildup of nitrogenous waste, and/ or ascites

A

Cirrhosis

36
Q

Inflammation of the gallbladder

A

Cholecysitis

37
Q

Formation of the gallstones in the gallbladder

A

Cholelithiasis

38
Q

Infection of the bile duct(s)
-Acute
-Caused by a blockage

A

Cholangitis

39
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas
-Occurs due to autolysis of the pancreas
-May be associated with alcoholism and gallstones, a blockage of the pancreas, and/ or necrosis of surrounding tissue that leads to hemorrhaging

A

Pancreatitis

Path II (13 decks)

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