Digestive system Flashcards
Exocrine gland functioning in metabolism, bile production, and detoxification of blood
Liver
Stores bile
Gallbladder
Gland that produces pancreatic juices
Pancreas
Membrane lining the abdominal cavity and abdominal organs
Peritoneum
A growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane
Polyp
Inflammation of the pharynx
-Usually viral
-Causes sore throat
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the gingiva (gums)
-Usually caused by plaque build up
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the esophagus
-Often caused by gastroesophageal reflux
-Often associated with dyspepsia or heartburn
Esophagitis
Inflammation of the stomach lining
-Often associated with alcohol, NSAIDs, or smoke
-May be chronic or acute
Gastritis
Inflammation of the small intestine
-Usually bacterial infection
-Can include the stomach and colon as well
Enteritis
Inflammation of the colon
-May be subtypes (IBS, Chron’s, Ulcerative colitis)
-May be acute or chronic
Colitis
Inflammation of the vermiform appendix
-Can rupture if left untreated
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum
-Primary is the result of ___
-Secondary is the result of ___
Peritonitis
-Primary is the result of an infection
-Secondary is the result of a ruptured organ
Tiny pouches in the intestinal tract
Diverticula
The formation of diverticula in the intestinal tract
Diverticulosis
Inflammation of the diverticula
-Usually happens when food particles become trapped
Diverticulitis
An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
-Usually in the stomach or small intestine
-Usually occurs because of tissue erosion and often caused by a bacterial infection
Ulcer
Causes ulcers in the lower part of the colon, other parts of the large intestine, and lining of the rectum
Ulcerative colitis
Where are these ulcers located?
1. Peptic
2. Gastric
3. Duodenal
- In the stomach and the duodenum
- In the stomach
- In the duodenum
Inflamed blood vessels around the rectum
-May occur because of stress, pregnancy, or aging
Hemorrhoids
A thickening of the pylorus
-Occurs in babies (under 6mo old)
-Causes forced vomiting
-Fixed with a surgical procedure
Pyloric stenosis
A defect or deformity
-Any development malformation affecting the digestive system
Malformation (anomaly)
Abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the wall that normally contains it
-May be associated with pregnancy, heavy lifting, obesity, or pathology
Hernia
What are the Hyperplastic and neoplastic disorders in the digestive system?
-Carcinoma of the stomach (gastric cancer)
-Liver cancer
-Colorectal cancer
-Polyps (may be benign or malignant)
Obstruction from an abnormal constriction of a passageway or orifice
Stenosis
Obstruction from an abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through a weak spot in the wall that normally contains it
Hernia
Obstruction from the loss of muscle movement
Paralysis
Obstruction from a twisting of the intestine
Volvulus
Obstruction from a portion of the intestine slips into a pervious section (telescoping)
Intussusception
Obstruction due to inflammation from an infection
Infectious blockage
Obstruction due to something like gallstones
Bile duct blockage
Obstruction by two areas adhere to each other that would not normally be connected
Adhesion
Inflammation of the liver
-Several types and several causes
-Can be acute or chronic
-May be associated with jaundice
-Other types can include autoimmune, drug-induced, alcoholic, typeD, typeE
Hepatitis
Types of hepatitis:
1. Viral, always acute
2. Chronic, associated with body fluids
3. Acute or chronic, associated with body fluids
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
Degenerative disorder of the liver
-Chronic
-Usually caused by alcoholism or hepatitis
-Causes the liver to harden
-May cause buildup of nitrogenous waste, and/ or ascites
Cirrhosis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecysitis
Formation of the gallstones in the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
Infection of the bile duct(s)
-Acute
-Caused by a blockage
Cholangitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
-Occurs due to autolysis of the pancreas
-May be associated with alcoholism and gallstones, a blockage of the pancreas, and/ or necrosis of surrounding tissue that leads to hemorrhaging
Pancreatitis
