Integumentary diseases Flashcards
Relating to the outer surface of a structure
-Skin and it’s components
-Functions in protection, temperature regulation, excretion, vitaminD synthesis, and as a sense organ
Integumentary
What are the layers of the integumentary system?
- Epidermis - outermost layer. Consists of melanocytes that produce melanin
- Dermis - sits under the epidermis. Contains mostly connective tissue and blood vessels
- Hypodermis - deepest layer. Mostly adipose tissue
- Sweat glands
-Sweat glands found all over the body
-Sweat glands located around the axilla and genitals
Sudoriferous
-Eccrine
-Apocrine
Sebum glands
-Located where hair is present
-Attached to hair follicle
Sebaceous
Any fluid released from the body with a high concentration of protein, cells, or solid debris
Exudate
Fluid produced in infected tissues containing dead white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris
Pus
Producing or resembling serum
Serous
Pathological death of cells, tissues, and organs while still a part of the living organisms
necrosis and lesions
Necrosis
A circumscribed are of pathologically altered tissue; and injury or wound
necrosis and lesions
Lesion
A localized accumulation of pus
necrosis and lesions
Abscess
Several communication boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissues
necrosis and lesions
Carbuncle
An abscess or pyogenic infection of a sweat gland or hair follicle
necrosis and lesions
Furnucle
A small elevation of the skin containing pus
necrosis and lesions
Pustule
Blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid
necrosis and lesions
Vesicle
An abnormal pocket of fluid
necrosis and lesions
Cyst
An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue
necrosis and lesions
Ulcer
Bed sore
-Can lead to severe necrosis and infection
-Wounds may extend very deep
necrosis and lesions
Decubitus ulcer
Normal or pathological coloration of skin or tissues
discolorations
Pigmentation
Condition in which melanocytes stop producing pigment resulting in loss of pigment on the affected parts of the body
discolorations
Vitiligo
Sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum bacteria
-Communicable
syphilitic lesions
Syphilis
Chancre sore - firm round sore
-Appears 2 - 3 weeks after infection
-Appears in the location that syphilis enters the body
syphilitic lesions
Primary syphilis
Skin rashes and mucous membrane lesions
-Reddish brown, rough blotches on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
-May also appear on other parts of the body
syphilitic lesions
Secondary syphilis
Gumma lesion - deep, tumor-like lesion
-Lesion is very destructive and adheres to skin
-Eventually softens and releases exudate; often becomes necrotic near center
syphilitic lesions
Tertiary syphilis
Condition occurring when hair follicles become clogged with sebum and/or other debris
-Inflammatory condition
-Most often occurs in teens and young adults (ages 10-13)
-Many types*
-Can result in permanent scaring
Acne
*whiteheads, blackheads, papule, pustule, macule, nodule, cystic
Chronic, inflammatory skin condition
-Causes red, dry, itchy skin
-Skin may “weep” or leak clear fluid and become hardened and scaly
-Idiopathic
-Non communicable
-Many types
inflammatory conditions
Eczema (Atopic dermatitis)
A form of eczema affecting the scalp
-Inflammatory
-Develops in areas covered in hair
-Dandruff is most mild form
-Can be associated with immunosuppression and/or fungal infection
-“Cradle cap”
-Non communicable
inflammatory conditions
Seborrheic dermatitis (Seborrhea)
Chronic, inflammatory condition causing the skin cells to multiply too quickly resulting in thick patches of skin
-Can also result in redness and scaly skin
-Idiopathic
-Common on scalp eyebrows and knees
-Many types, non communicable
inflammatory conditions
Psoriasis (psoriatic plague)
Pigmented epithelial tumor (skin mole)
-Changes or issues with mole may be a sign of malignancy
hyperplastic / neoplastic conditions
Melanocytic nevus
Skin cancer that begins in the melanocytes
-Relatively uncommon
hyperplastic / neoplastic conditions
Melanoma
Skin cancer beginning as a growth of cells on the skin
-Characterized by accelerated growth of cells
-Cells make up part of the epidermis
hyperplastic / neoplastic conditions
Squamous cell carcinoma
Skin cancer beginning in the basal cells
-Cells produce new skin cells
-Occurs most often in areas exposed to UV radiation or sunlight
hyperplastic / neoplastic conditions
Basal cell carcinoma
