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VN02 > Urinalysis > Flashcards

Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

why do we use urinalysis?

A
  • quick
  • can be non-invasive
  • can confirm different conditions
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2
Q

what does micturition mean?

A

the act of urinating

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3
Q

what does polyuria mean?

A

production of large volumes of urine

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4
Q

what does pollakiuria mean?

A

frequent urination, normal volume

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5
Q

what does oliguria mean?

A

reduced production of urine

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6
Q

what does anuria mean?

A

cessation of the production of urine

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7
Q

what does dysuria mean?

A

difficulty in urinating

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8
Q

what are the four methods of urine collection?

A
  • non-absorbent cat litter
  • mid stream free collection
  • manual expression
  • catherization
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9
Q

what are the two male dog catheters?

A
  • plastic dog catheter
  • silicone foley dog catheter
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10
Q

what are the four female dog catheters?

A
  • plastic dog catheter
  • foley dog catheter
  • silicone foley dog catheter
  • tieman’s dog catheter
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11
Q

what are the four male cat catheters?

A
  • plastic cat catheter
  • jackson cat catheter
  • silicone cat catheter
  • slippery sam cat catheter
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12
Q

what are the two female cat catheters?

A
  • plastic cat catheter
  • jackson cat catheter
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13
Q

how should you position a cat for urine catheter placement?

A

lateral recumbency

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14
Q

how should you position a bitch for urine catheter placement?

A

dorsal or sternal recumbency

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15
Q

what is the urine production rate for cats and dogs?

A

1-2mls/kg/hr

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16
Q

what is urochrome?

A

the pigment that gives urine its colour

17
Q

what is urine turbidity?

A

cloudiness

18
Q

what is pH?

A

a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in urine

19
Q

what is the normal pH levels in a cat, dog, rabbit, and guinea pig?

A

cat - 6-7
dog 5.2-6.8
rabbit 7.5-9
guinea pig 6.5-9

20
Q

what is the normal urine specific gravity ranges for a cat, dog, rabbit, and guinea pig?

A

cat - 1.020-1.060
dog - 1.015-1.045
rabbit - 1.003-1.036
guinea pig - 1.004-1.046

21
Q

what are some possible causes for an elevated USG?

A
  • dehydration
  • acute renal failure
  • shock
  • diabetes mellitus
  • sediment
22
Q

what are some causes for a low USG?

A
  • chronic renal failure
  • diabetes insipidus
  • fluid therapy
  • corticosteriods
23
Q

what to look for in urine?

A
  • epithelial cells
  • transitional cells
  • tubular epithelial cells
  • white blood cells
  • red blood cells
  • casts
    -spermatozoa
  • bacteria/fungi/yeast
  • crystals

VN02 (20 decks)

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