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VN02 > Understanding the safe use of the laboratory > Flashcards

Understanding the safe use of the laboratory Flashcards

1
Q

What are some ways you can reduce risk with chemicals?

A
  • follow SOPs
  • wear PPE
  • never mix chemicals
  • have a spill kit available
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2
Q

What is zoonosis?

A

an infectious disease that can jump from a non-human animal to humans

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3
Q

what are the five steps to a risk assessment?

A
  • identify
  • who
  • evaluate
  • record
  • review and update
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4
Q

What is the stage (microscopes)?

A

a square platform that has a hole in the centre for the light

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5
Q

What is the mechanical stage (microscopes)?

A

attached to the stage, holds slide in place, moves NESW

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6
Q

What is the vernier scale?

A

on both movements on the mechanical scale, divided into millimeters

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7
Q

What is the eyepiece (microscopes)?

A
  • magnifies the image of the specimen
  • contains the ocular lens and field lens
  • magnifies primary image formed from the 4 objective lenses
  • has magnifying power of 10x
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8
Q

what is the nosepiece (microscopes)?

A
  • found at the lower end of the body tube
  • rotating turret
  • rotates clockwise
  • has objective lenses of x4, x10, x40, x100 oil
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9
Q

What lenses would you use for blood and bacteria (microscopes)?

A
  • x10
  • x40
  • x100 oil
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10
Q

what lenses would you use for urine and faeces (microscopes)?

A
  • x10
  • x40
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11
Q

what lenses would you use for parasites (microscopes)?

A
  • naked eye
  • x4
  • x10
  • x40
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12
Q

what is the condenser (microscopes)?

A
  • substage condenser and iris diaphragm
  • controls amount of light passing through the condenser to the specimen
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13
Q

what is the rheostat (microscopes)?

A
  • found on the base of the microscope
  • alter the level of the light
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14
Q

what does a centrifuge do?

A
  • spins around at a speed which results in the heavier particles settling at the bottom
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15
Q

what are the three types of centrifuge?

A
  • angle head
  • swing out head
  • microhaematocrit (pcv)
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16
Q

what speed does urine need to be spun in the centrifuge at?

A

1500-2000 rpm for 5 mins

17
Q

what speed does blood need to be spun in the centrifuge at?

A

10000 rpm for 5 mins

18
Q

what speed does faeces need to be spun in the centrifuge at?

A

1000-1500 for 3 mins

19
Q

what is the definition of calibration?

A

the process of comparing a reading on one piece of equipment or system with another piece of equipment that has been calibrated and referenced to a known set of parameters

20
Q

what is the definition of quality control?

A

the process of detecting analytical errors within the lab to ensure both the reliability and accuracy of test results

21
Q

what is a refractometer?

A
  • an instrument that measures the refractive index of a liquid
  • the more particles there are in a liquid the more of a beam of light will be bent as it passes through one medium to another
22
Q

what are the normal ranges for dogs and cats for urine specific gravity?

A
  • dogs = 1.015-1.045
  • cats = 1.020 - 1.040
23
Q

what are the normal ranges for dogs and cats for total solids of blood?

A

60-55 g/l

24
Q

what is a biochemistry analysers?

A
  • measures the level of various biochemical substances in blood
  • can be wet or dry chemistry systems
25
Q

what can electrolyte analysers help diagnose and how?

A
  • diseases such as Addison’s
  • monitor changes caused by dehydration and acid base balance
  • measures sodium, chloride, potassium, bicarbonate
26
Q

what is a blood gas analyser?

A
  • measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
  • measures pH of the blood
27
Q

what does haematology do?

A
  • automatically determine red and white blood cell counts, differential white blood cell counts, pcv and platelet counts
28
Q

what does a hormone analyser do?

A

measures thyroxine, cortisol, insulin and reproductive hormones

29
Q

what does ELISA stand for?

A

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

VN02 (20 decks)

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