urbilateria Flashcards

1
Q

urbilateria

A

main ancestor of bilateria animalshox

share characteristics with deuterostomes and protosomes

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2
Q

embryo patterning

A

uses hox genes and chordin

are homolous; some evolution potential lost

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3
Q

homologoy

A

similariies due to common descent and inheriance

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4
Q

analogy

A

indepdenet/convergent evolution of traits in unrelated organisms

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5
Q

legs; homolougs or analogos

A

monophyletic group; homolougous

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6
Q

example of homologies through similarities

A

pentadactyle limbs of whale, bats and humans

libs have same function even though look different

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7
Q

homology of genes

A

genetically easier to dertermine

use statistical measures; such as 2 genes can be calculated to be homologus; genes in both mouse and fly for example

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8
Q

what are hox genes

A

ubx segements in flies that tells its how to develop

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9
Q

eyes and analogy

A

used to be thought to be homologous but actualyl analogous due to selective power

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10
Q

what do vertebrates and flies have in common

A

same mutations affect developmen t of eyes;
‘eyeless mutations in eyeless flies’ or ‘annidinia in humans’

all mutations from homologous genes (pax6 gene)

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11
Q

drosphila and mous

A

small eye mouse and drosphoila eyeless gene both have th ehomologuos pax 6 gene mutation

can be inserted into each others species to cause such developments

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12
Q

hox genes and flies

A

8 related hox genes in flies determien the specific positiosn of body on a flay front to back; same gene found in other animal groups

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13
Q

hox genes and urbilateria

A

determine anterior and posterior patterning

8 hox genes

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14
Q

hox4 gene

A

hox4 gene in mouse and drophoila homoloug cause deformations

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15
Q

what gene causes eyes to develop

A

pax6 gene common in all urbilateria descendants

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16
Q

introversion of dorsoventral axis

A

‘upside down’ chordates gene expression compared to invertabrate

17
Q

what does chordin and sog do

A

CNS present in urbaliteria;

urbliaterian genes pattern nerve cords

18
Q

examples of enigmatic taxa

A

mezosoans
xenoturbella
buddenbrockia
saliennla sale

19
Q

mezosoans

A

consist of dicemida and orthonecid

termatodoe flatworm

20
Q

buddenbrockia

A

relative of cnidaria maybe

21
Q

mitochondria nad5 gene

A

signature of prostomes

22
Q

examples of reassembled phlyum due to mitochondrial genes

A

intoshia and dicymia