Urbanisation Flashcards
Urbanisation is happening…
fastest in poorer countries.
Urbanisation
The growth in the proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas.
More than…
50 percent of the world’s population live in urban areas and the number is still increasing.
The rate of urbanisation differs between…
HICs and LICs.
HICs urbanisation
More economically developed. Urbanisation happened earlier during the Industrial Revolution and most of the population already live in urban areas.
HICs have very slow…
rates of urban growth and many people are starting to move to rural areas for better quality of life from overcrowded cities.
Why people in HICs move to the rural area?
Transport and good communication networks allow them to live in rural areas and commute to cities for work.
LICs have the fastest…
rate of urbanisation in the world.
LICs are less…
economically developed so more people live in rural areas.
NEEs
Newly Emerging Economies. Where the economic development is increasing rapidly. The percentage of the population living in urban areas varies.
Rural-urban migration
The movement of people from the countryside to the cities. This is caused by a combination of pull and push factors.
Push factors
- natural disasters
- the mechanisation of agricultural equipment-fewer jobs
- desertification
- conflict or war causes people to flee
Pull factors
- more jobs in urban areas
- better paid jobs
- healthcare and education
- to join family members who already moved
- better quality of life
Natural increase
When birth rate is higher than death rate.
Who moves to the cities?
Mostly young people who try to find work. They usually set up families and have children.
Megacity
Is an urban area with over 10 million people living there.
Primary employment
Involve getting raw materials from the natural environment e.g. Mining, farming and fishing
Secondary employment
Involve making things (manufacturing).
Tertiary employment
Involve providing a service e.g. teaching and nursing
Quaternary employment
Involve research and development e.g. IT.
Squatter settlement
Collection of buildings where the people have no legal rights to the land they are built upon
Urban regeneration
Attempt to reverse that decline by both improving the physical structure and the economy of those areas
Greenfield sites
Areas of land, usually agricultural land on which have not been built previously.
Brownfield sites
Land that has been previously used, abandoned, and now awaits a new use
Greenbelt
Protected areas that have been set up around some cities to help prevent urban sprawl.
