Erosion, Transportation and Deposition

Question 1

Hydraulic action

Answer 1

The force of the water breaks rock particles away from the river channel.

Question 2

Abrasion

Answer 2

Eroded rocks picked up by the river scrape and rub against the channel, wearing it away.

Question 3

Attrition

Answer 3

Rocks picked by the river smash into each other and break into smaller fragments.

Question 4

Solution

Answer 4

Water dissolves some types of rock(chalk, limestone)

Question 5

Deposition

Answer 5

When a river drops the eroded material which is transporting. It happens when a river slows down(loses velocity)

Question 6

Waterfalls

Answer 6

Form where a river flows over an area of hard rock followed by an area of softer rock. The softer rock is eroded more than hard rock, creating a step in the river. As water goes over the step it erodes it more and more, creating steep drop.

Question 7

Gorge

Answer 7

The hard rock in waterfall is undercut by the erosion, becomes unsupported and collapses. Collapsed rock is swirled around the foot of the waterfall and erode it(abrasion). This creates a deep plunge pool. Over time more undercutting causes more collapses and the waterfall will retreat, leaving behind a steep-side gorge.

Question 8

Interlocking spurs

Answer 8

In the upper course of a river most of the erosion is vertical, creating V-shaped valleys. The river is not powerful enough to erode laterally- they have to wind around the high hillsides that stick out into their path. The hillsides which interlock with each other are called interlocking spurs.