Urban KQ2 Flashcards
What is the Cambridge phenomenon?
The rapid growth in the quaternary sector within Cambridge since 1960
How many jobs does the high-tech businesses offer in Cambridge?
40,000 and 1,400 companies are based here.
What are the social and environmental issues associated with urban change in Mexico City?
Due to the mountain rimmed basin that is Mexico City it traps air pollution and reduces the air quality
Due to it being a drained lake bed after the spanish invasion the city is sinking meaning that it is prone to earthquakes
Also a mega city with a pop of officially 16 million but UN think more like 32 million so population density is at 10,000 per km squared
What is the cause of the rapid population growth in MC?
High natural increase due to lack of contraception and massive in migration of young families
Better education in MC
Opportunities for entertainment
Perception of a better life
What are some economic issues with the growth in MC?
High unemployment levels because of lack of full time jobs
Low wages of $4 per day for unskilled workers
Long working hours
Majority of population work in the informal sector - only way to make money
All members of family need to work - generation of uneducated children
State some health issues with the growth in MC?
Excessive air pollution due to over 3 million cars and 30,000 industrial sites = problems with respiratory system - people commute for ages increasing the pollution
Sewage system is poorly connected and unable to cope with volume - flows into rivers which is used to irrigate crops
11,000 tonnes of rubbish are produced every day ant not enough collectors - rubbish dumped into rivers = used for irrigation contaminating crops due to high lead content
State some social issues with the growth in MC?
Overcrowding Crime levels increased - drug gangs Lack of housing and affordable housing Lack of jobs Tensions between equality and poverty
Define squatter settlements?
Self built housing
Not planned and no land rights
May be part of the slum which is defined as - run down area of the city characterised by substandard housing, squalor and lack of security
How many people world-wide live in slums?
1 billion
Give a historical overview of Newcastle?
Population increased by 187,000 between 1801-1901
This areas was a industrial city with docks, ship building, railways, alkali industry and iron manufacturing
2nd largest port in the world
What happened to Newcastle in the 20-21st century?
Deindustrialisation - high unemployment in 30’s, war boosted this however worldwide competition and staple industries like coal and chemicals declined rapidly causing dereliction within the industrial areas.
Deprivation - lack of opportunities, poor quality of life.
Regeneration - been part of a variety of govt. schemes
Name some schemes that Newcastle has been helped by?
Newcastle Regeneration Strategy of 2006-2021 = aims to provide better housing, improve education and health care and encourage economic growth.
Name some landmarks that have been built to show this regeneration?
Baltic Centre, Sage Concert Hall - lottery funds, public money and foundations like the Northern Rock Foundation
Evidence of the Newcastle Regeneration?
Contributes £1.2 billion to the annual economy of tourism, £80 million to the economy
45% of graduates from Newcastle work in North East
£866 million turnover in the creative sector.
