•Urban 4 Flashcards
What are the main causes of atmospheric pollution?
Industrial pollution Urbanisation Increase in vehicles Burning words and charcoal Pollutants like sulphates, nitrates and black carbon
What are the effects of atmospheric pollution?
Health problems- respiratory, heart and cancer
Smog
Impacts on wildlife/ habitats and biodiversity
Global warming
What are the ways of managing air pollution?
More laws and regulations on what can be emitted
Greater use of green modes of transport e.g walking, cycling and public transport
Green technologies within the homes and in design of modern transport
Government initiatives and policies
What are the main causes of water pollution?
Rapid urban growth/ urbanisation/ suburbanisation
Unregulated dumping of waste (domestic and industrial)
Modern lifestyles demand large amounts of water
Growth of tourism, leisure and recreation
Growth in road and other infrastructure
What are the main effects of water pollution?
Water shortages
Impacts of health through water borne diseases
Falling fish stocks and decline in freshwater ecosystems
Desertification
Pollution in water ways
What are the ways of managing water pollution?
Strict laws on dumping waste and sewage
More advanced water infrastructure (costly)
More education
Desalination plants
Importing water & water bans
What are the main causes of urban dereliction?
Deindustrialisation
Industrial relocation
Suburbanisation
Decline in manufacturing industry due to government policy
Industry finding places with better road access
Old poorly built houses from the 1960’s deteriorate
Cost of clearing sites can be expensive
What are the main effects of urban dereliction?
Large areas of industry left derelict
Eyesore Unsafe Negative image Illegal activities (vandalism, drugs) Contamination
How can urban dereliction be managed?
Redevelopment or regeneration
What is the main causes of waste disposal?
Urbanisation Suburbanisation Industrialisation Modern lifestyles Non-biodegradable waste Unregulated dumping
What are the main effects of waste disposal?
Impacts on natural environments (waterways, oceans, atmosphere, wildlife)
Becomes a form of visual pollution
How is waste disposal managed?
Recycling
Strict rules and regulations
Export waste to other countries
What is landfill?
The disposal of waste material by burying it, especially as a method of filling in & reclaiming evacuated pits
What is incineration?
The destruction of something, especially waste material by burning
