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Geography > •Coast Case Studies > Flashcards

•Coast Case Studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Old Harry

A

Cliff/ Headland

Cave

Arch

Wave-Cut botch

Stack

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2
Q

Canada’s Bay of Fundy

A

Highest Tidal Range

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3
Q

Majorca

A

Low tidal range

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4
Q

Stair hole, Dorset

A

Fault and fold

Change in angle of dip influencing the rate of erosion

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5
Q

Isle of Purbeck

A

South coast is concordant
Same rock- purbeck limestone
Prevailing wind caused erosion- high energy- lulworth cove

East coast is discordant
Bays and headlands like Swanage Bay (sand and clay) and Durlston Head
Low energy- depositional coast
Differential erosion

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6
Q

Lulworth cove

A

Horse-shoe shaped bay on isle of purbeck

River swollen by melt water flowed overland to sea

River cut a valley which created weaknesses and erosion occurred

Formed a pan shaped inlet

Coven enlarged and eroded greensand rock

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7
Q

Chesil beach

A

Tombolo

Classic sediment

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8
Q

Cherbourg peninsula

A

At the headland, refraction is created.

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9
Q

Holderness coast

A

Retreating at 2mm per year

Coastal flooding and erosion

Strong winds and soft rock

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10
Q

Kimmeridge, Dorset

A

Wave cut platform
Headland
Cliff

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11
Q

Etretat, Normandy, France

A 
Bay 
Headland 
Cliff
Stack
Arch
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12
Q

Dover, Kent

A

Cliff

Wave cut platform

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13
Q

Santa Cruz Island, California

A

Cave

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14
Q

Baja, California, Mexico

A

Arch

Stack

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15
Q

Algarve coast, Portugal

A

Stack

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16
Q

Cape code, Massachusetts, USA

A

Sand dunes

Sand dunes

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17
Q

Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA

A

Barrier Island

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18
Q

Chesil beach, Dorset

A

Tombolo

19
Q

Offshore bar, NY

A

Bar

20
Q

Champagne Bay, Vanuatu

A

Sand Beach

21
Q

Farewell Spit, New Zealand

A

Spit

Salt marsh

22
Q

Dawlish Warren

A

Spit

23
Q

Chesil beach, Dorset

A

Tombolo
Lagoon - The fleet

Some suggest it formed because of sea level change instead of longshore drift

24
Q

Tombolo di Orbetello, Italy

A

Tombolo

2 tombolos join an island to the mainland of Rome

25
Q

North Carolina

A

Barrier Island

26
Q

Suffolk County, Long Island, NY

A

Offshore Bars
Lagoons
Baymouth Bar

27
Q

Slapton sands, Devon

A

Offshore Bars
Lagoons
Baymouth Bar

28
Q

Outer Hebrides, Scotland

A

Barrier Island

29
Q

Kent

A

Cuspate foreland

30
Q

Barton on sea

A

Input:
Cliff erosion- 0.75 to 1.2 m per year
Silty material from rivers and streams
Tidal currents carry sand around Hengistbury Head and enters Christchurch Bay

Output:
Material moved to Hurst Castle Spit and Offshore Banks
East to west movement from Shingles Bank
Undertows that scour beach of material

31
Q

The Solva, Pembrokeshire, Wales

A

Rias

32
Q

The Sundarbans, Bangladesh

A

Salt marsh and Mudflats

Used as a defence for low lying Bangladesh

33
Q

Morfa Harlech, Wales

A

Sand Dunes

34
Q

Dunes of Flanders, France

A

Sand dunes

35
Q

The Norwegian Coast

A

Fjord

36
Q

The Dalmatian Coast, Croatia

A

Dalmatian

37
Q

Gruinard Bay, Sutherland, Scotland

A

Raised Beach

38
Q

St Govan’s Head, Pembrokeshire, South West Wales

A

Marine Platform

39
Q

The Netherlands

A

Low lying land

40
Q

Belgium

A

85% of the coastline is considered artificial due to management strategies and infrastructure

41
Q

Mappleton & Great Cowden, North Sea, East Yorkshire

A

Became protected by the council in the 1990s

Hold the line

Protected the road
Unattractive
Issues for later coastline

42
Q

Canvey Island

A 
1m above sea level
Tides can be 2m higher than this
6m high sea wall
Densely populated 
Oil storage facility
Existing sea defences are effective 
Sea level changes are causing concern
43
Q

Thames estuary

A

Sinking at 1.5mm/yr
2100 estimated to be 12cm lower than today
Sea levels rise by 3mm per year
40,000 people vulnerable

Solution:
Community havens being introduced onto higher land 
Introduced escape and refuge plans 
Multi-storey buildings 
Managed retreat
Safe havens 
Access shelters 
Adaptation in community 
Mitigation
44
Q

Chichester Harbour

A

Open system

Geography (16 decks)

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