Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Flashcards
Name some of the side effects of antibiotics in children.
Diarrhoea
Oral thrush
Nappy rash
Allergic reaction
Multi resistance
What % of all admissions of children in Scotland are due to URTI?
More than a third so 33.3333333333333333333333333333333333333etc% hehe
What is one symptom common of URTI?
Fever
What are three things you might advise a child who is ill but not at their worst?
Paracetamol for fever
Sugary fluids
Time
If you don’t know what stage a child is into their illness, what can you do?
Review them
Give advice for what do do and advise that if they get worse, get back in touch
When do we tend to get URTI?
Winter months
Where does rhinitis affect?
Nasal mucosa
What is otitis media?
Infection of the middle ear
What should you see in a normal, healthy ear?
Slightly transparent membrane, light reflection
What do you see in otitis media?
Ear is very red, drum of ear is bulging
What type of infection is otitis media?
Primary viral infection to start with- like rhinovirus
Secondary infection overgrowth w pneumococcus or haemophilus.
What may happen to the eardrum in those with otitis media?
Eardrum may rupture
Do antibiotics help with otitis media?
Usually not
->slight decrease in time taken to recover in those w antibiotics but not significant and they get diahorrea etc as side effects
What is the predominant symptom is otitis media>
Pain
As pain is the predominant symptom, what treatment should be offered?
Analgesia’s (pain relief)
What is the difference between Tonsillitis/pharyngitis?
Both sore throat
Tonsillitis if tonsils affected
Pharyngitis if throat is affected
Children who have strep. throat often have what else?
Scarlett fever
Can you treat strep throat w antibitocis?
Yes
How can you differentiate between tonsillitis/pharyngitis in a clinical setting?
Swab test
However, results take 48 hrs to come back
What is croup caused by?
Caused by para flu
What are some of the symptoms of croup?
A barking cough and stridor
What is epiglottitis caused by?
Haemophilus influenza
Why is epiglottitis rare?
Caused by Haemophilus influenza which we are vaccinated against
What is the treatment for croup?
Dexamethasone
What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
Intubation and antibiotics
What happens in epiglottitis?
Swelling of your epiglottis causing difficulty to breathe as airways are narrowed. Swallowing is difficult as oesophagus closes
