Clinical Features and Management of Restrictive Lung Diseases Flashcards
What is the physiological definition of restriction?
Forced vital capacity <80% of normal
What is a marker of restriction?
Vital capacity
What is used to determine restriction rates?
Spirometry
What vital capacity value is considered to be abnormal?
<80%
Where might there be restriction?
Lungs
Pleura
Muscle/nerve
Bone
Other
(think staring in the middle and work your way out).
List some interstitial lung diseases.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
List some of the pleural causes of restriction
Pleural effusion
Pleural thickening
Pneumothorax
List some of the skeletal causes of restriction.
Kyphoscoliosis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Thoracoplasty
Rib fractures
What is Thoracoplasty?
Surgery removing some rib segments.
->don’t necessarily need to know, just to aid understanding
What is Ankylosing spondylitis ?
Inflammation of the spine.
->don’t necessarily need to know, just to aid understanding
What is Kyphoscoliosis?
Abnormal curvature of the spine.
->don’t necessarily need to know, just to aid understanding
Name a muscle causes of restriction.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ms)
Name some sub-diaphragmatic causes of restriction.
Obesity
Pregnancy
What is the interstitium?
Tiny space between the epithelium of the alveolus and the endothelium of the capillary
What can happen to a patient if there is an abnormality in the interstitium?
Can cause breathlessness