Upper Limb part 1 Flashcards
What is the upper limb characterized by
mobility
ability to grasp
fine motor skills
** sacrifice stability for mobility
what are the segments of the upper limb
shoulder
arm
forearm
hand
What is the superior appendicular skeleton
the pectoral girdle and the upper limb
What is the pectoral girdle
the shoulder which includes the clavicle and scapula
what allows for motion of the upper limb
the icompleteness of the posterior because is it not connnected like the front is
what are the joints of the clavicle
sternoclavicular joint
acromioclavicular joint
what 4 muscles move the pectoral girdle
1 pectoralis major
2 pectoralis minor
3 subclavius
4 serratus anterior
what is the deltopectoral groove
this is between the pec major and the deltoid
contains the cephalic vein and superior to this groove is the deltopectoral triangle
what is a test to see if the nerves to the serratus anterior are working ( long thoracic )
by having someone push up against the wall to see the right winged scapula
What are posterior axioappendicular mm.
they attach the superior appendicular skeleton tot he axial skeleton
what are the posterior should muscles
1 superficial posterior axioappendicular mm.
2 deep posterior axioappendicular mm.
3 scapulohumeral posterior axioappendicular mm.
What are the superficial posterior axioappendicular mm.
traps, lats
What are the deep posterior axioappendicular mm.
levator scapulae and rhomboids
What are the scapulohumeral posterior axioappendicular mm.
deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis
superficial posterior axioappendicular the traps
attaches pec girdle to the skull and vertebral column and assist in suspending the upper limb
– weakness in the muscle results in drooping shoulders
superficial posterior axioappendicular the lats
inserting tendon twists so fiber originating highest insert lowest
– when paralyzed unable to rise trunk as in chinning
what are the rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
what is the rotator cuff m. job
reinforce the capsule of the shoulder joint to prevent dislocation fo the humerus
when does the middle delt start abducting
this will happen after about 30 degree which is when the angle of pull is parallel to the humerus. so the supraspnatus does the earlier stages
why is the teres major a landmark
this is because the axillary a move through the m. and after it does it is called the brachial artery
What is pecoral fascia
invests pectoralis major continuous with abdominal fascia
what is axillary fascia
helps form the floor of the axilla
what is clavipectoral
encloses subclavius and pec minor
what is the costocoracoid membrane
this is part of the clavipectoral
– it occupies the interval between the pec minor and subclavius, and protects the axillary vessels and nerves
what is the suspensory ligament of axilla
this is part of the clavipectoral
– connects pec minor to axillary fascia and indirectly connecting clavopectoral fascia to axillary fascia
what is antebrachal
this contains..
extensor retinaculum
flexor retinaculum
palmar aponeurosis
What are the deep fascia
pectoral axillary clavpectoral deltoid brachrial ( ant and posterior ) antebrachial
What is in the antebrachial fascia
- palmar carpal ligament
- flexor retinaculum
- palmar aponeurosis
- extensor retinaculum
what is the axilla
this is the armpit which is a fat filled pyramindal space lateral to the thoracic wall and anterior to scapula
what are the borders of the axilla
apex- cervicoaxillary canal
base- skin
anterior wall- pec M/m w/ pec and clavipectoral fascia
posteiror- scapula and subscap
medial- thoracic wall
lateral - boney wall of intertubercular groove
what are the 2 spaces in the axilla
- quadrangular space
- triangular space
** which are formed by the 3 T’s triceps, teres M/m
what is found in the quadrangular space of the axilla
posterior circumflex humeral a
axillary nerve that wraps aroudn surgical neck of the humerus
what is found in the triangular space of the axilla
circumflex scapular artery the branch of the
subscapular
What can be found in the axilla
axillary arteries and branches axillary veins and branches axillary lymph nodes axillary vessesl and ... cords of the branches of the brachial plexus
where does the axillary artery begin
at later border of 1st rib
where does the axillary artery stop
at inferior border of teres major then become the brachail a
what are the parts of the axillary artery
part 1 - btwn lateral border of 1st rib an the medial border of the pe minor
part 2- posterior to pec minor
part 3- from the lateral border of pec minor to inferir border of teres major
what is in the 1 part of the axillary artery
superior thoracic a
– supplies primarily the 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
what is in the 2nd part of the axillary artery
1 thoracoacromial a
2 lateral thoracic a
what is found in the thoracoacrominal a of the 2nd part of the axillary artery
- acromial a – supplies delts
- deltoid a– supplies pec major and detls
- pectoral a – supplies both pecs
- clavicular a- sternoclavicular joint and subclavius m
what is found in the lateral thoracic a of the 2nd part of the axillary artery
supplies primarly serratus anterior, fascia of anterolateral wall, lateral brest and axillary lymp nodes
** can also come from the thoracromial a, 3rd part of axillary, suprascapular , subscapular
what is in the 3rd part of the axillary artery
1 subscapular a
2 anterior circumflex humeral a
3 posterior circumflex humeral a
What does the sbscapular a divide into from the 3rd part of the axillary artery
1 circumflex scapular a- teres M/ and infraspinatus mm.
2 thoracodorsal a - lats and runs with n
where does the axillary vein begin
at inferior border of teres major at the union of the basilic and brachail veins
where does the axillary vein end
later border of the 1st rib where it become the subclavina vein
** and it will receive a lot from the cephalic vein
what is made up of the brachial plexus
roots trunks divisions cords branches
