upper limb muscles Flashcards
abductor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of upper and middle radius and intervening interosseous membrane
abductor pollicis longus insertion
radial side of base of metacarpal 1
abductor pollicis longus action
abduction of 1st CMC
assists extension of 1st CMC
assists abduction of the wrist
abductor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
anconeus origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
anconeus insertion
olecranon and upper part of ulnar shaft
anconeus action
extends the elbow
anconeus innervation
radial nerve
brachialis origin
distal 1/2 of shaft of humerus
brachialis insertion
ulna tuberosity
brachialis action
main flexor of elbow joint
brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
brachioradialis origin
common flexor tendon
brachioradialis insertion
lateral surface of radius proximal to radial styloid
brachioradialis action
flexes the elbow when forearm is in mid-prone
returns forearm to mid-prone from full extremities of pronation or supination
brachioradialis innervation
radial nerve
biceps brachii origin
short head = coracoid process
long head = supraglenoid tubercle
biceps brachii insertion
radial tuberosity
biceps brachii actions
flexion of elbow/shoulder joint
supination of radio-ulnar joint
biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process
coracobrachialis insertion
mid-shaft of humerus
coracobrachialis actions
weak adductor and flexor of arm
coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
deltoid origin
anterior = lateral 1/3 clavicle
posterior = spine of scapula
middle = acromion
deltoid insertion
mid-shaft humerus
deltoid actions
anterior = flexion and MR
posterior = extension and LR
middle = abduction
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
common extensor tendon
extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
posterior surface of base of metacarpal 3
extensor carpi radialis brevis actions
extension and abduction at wrist
extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
extensor carpi radialis longus origin
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
posterior surface of base of metacarpal 2
extensor carpi radialis longus action
extension and abduction at wrist
extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
radial nerve
extensor carpi ulnaris origin
aponeurosis from posterior border of ulna
extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
medial side of base of metacarpal 5
extensor carpi ulnaris action
extension and adduction at wrist
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
abductor digiti minimi origin
pisiform, pisohamate, pisometacarpal ligaments, tendon FCU
abductor digiti minimi insertion
ulnar side proximal phalnx of little finger and dorsal digital expansion
abductor digiti minimi action
abduction of little finger
flexion of MCP
abductor digiti minimi innervation
ulnar nerve
abductor pollicis brevis origin
flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
abductor pollicis brevis insertion
radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
abductor pollicis brevis action
abduction of the CMC, MCP joint of the thumb
abductor pollicis brevis innervation
median nerve
adductor pollicis origin
oblique head = scaphoid, trapezoid, tendon FCR, bases of metacarpals 2-3
transverse head = anterior surface shaft of the 3rd metacarpal
adductor pollicis insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
adductor pollicis action
strong adductor
adductor pollicis innervation
ulnar nerve
extensor digiti minimi origin
common extensor tendon
extensor digiti minimi insertion
dorsal digital expansion of digit 5
extensor digiti minimi action
extension of 5th MCP
assists extension of IP joints
extension of wrist
extensor digiti minimi innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
extensor digitorum origin
common extensor tendon
extensor digitorum insertion
bases of middle and distal phalanges ( dorsal digital expansion)
extensor digitorum actions
extension of the MCP joints of each finger
assists extension of the IP joints
extensor digitorum innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
extensor indicis origin
posterior surface of distal ulna and interosseous membrane
extensor indicis insertion
dorsal digital expansion of index finger
extensor indicis action
extension of 2nd MCP and IP
extensor indicis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
extensor pollicis brevis origin
posterior surface of middle ulna and interosseous membrane
extensor pollicis brevis insertion
dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
extensor pollicis brevis action
extension of the thumb at MCP and CMC
extensor pollicis brevis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
extensor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
extensor pollicis longus insertion
dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of the thumb
extensor pollicis longus action
extension of IP joints of thumb
assists extension at MCP, CMC and wrist
extensor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
flexor carpi ulnaris origin
common flexor tendon
medial border of olecranon and posterior border of ulna
flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
flexor carpi ulnaris action
flexion and adduction at wrist
synergic action in abduction of digit 5
flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
ulnar nerve
flexor carpi radialis origin
common flexor tendon
flexor carpi radialis insertion
palmar surface of base of metacarpals 2 and 3
flexor carpi radialis action
flexion and abduction at wrist
flexor carpi radialis innervation
median nerve
flexor digitorum profundus origin
medial side coronoid process, anterior and middle surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
flexor digitorum profundus insertion
4 tendons to base of palmar surface of distal phalanx of each finger
flexor digitorum profundus action
flexion of DIP, PIP and MCP joints of finger
flexion at wrist
flexor digitorum profundus innervation
ulnar nerve
anterior interosseous nerve
flexor digitorum superficialis origin
common flexor origin and coronoid process of ulna
proximal 2/3 anterior border of radius
flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
4 tendons to either side palmar surface of middle phalanx of each finger
flexor digitorum superficialis action
flexion at wrist, MCP, PIP
flexor digitorum superficialis innervation
median nerve
flexor pollicis longus origin
anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
flexor pollicis longus insertion
palmar surface base of distal phalanx of the thumb
flexor pollicis longus action
flexion at CMC, MCP and Ip joints of thumb
flexor pollicis longus innervation
anterior interosseous nerve
infraspinatus origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
infraspinatus insertion
middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus
infraspinatus action
lateral rotation and adduction of arm
infraspinatus innervation
subscapular nerve
latissimus dorsi origin
iliac crest
thoracolumbar fascia from SP T6-12 and all lumbar and sacral vertebrae
lower 4 ribs and inferior angle of scapula
latissimus dorsi insertion
floor of intertubercular groove
latissimus dorsi actions
extension, medial rotation and adduction of humerus
latissimus dorsi innervation
thorocodorsal nerve
levator scapulae origin
TP C1-4
levator scapulae insertion
superior portion of the medial border of the scapula
levator scapulae action
elevates, MR scapula
levator scapulae innervation
dorsal scapula nerve
opponens digiti minimi origin
flexor retinaculum
hook of hamate
opponens digiti minimi insertion
shaft of 5th metacarpal
opponens digiti minimi action
opposition of digit 5
opponens digiti minimi innervation
ulnar nerve
opponens pollicis origin
flexor retinaculum
trapezium
opponens pollicis insertion
whole length of lateral half of anterior surface of first metacarpal
opponens pollicis action
opposition
opponens pollicis innervation
median nerve
palmaris brevis origin
flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
palmaris brevis insertion
skin of palm into dermis
palmaris brevis action
steadies and corrugates skin of palm to help with grip
palmaris brevis innervation
ulnar nerve
palmaris longus origin
common flexor tendon
palmaris longus insertion
flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
palmaris longus action
weak wrist flexion
tightens palmar fascia
pectoralis major origin
medial 1/3 of the anterior aspect of the clavicle
Manubrium and sternum and onto costal cartilages
pectoralis major insertion
lateral lip of the intertubercular groove
pectoralis major innervation
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
pectoralis major action
flexion, extension, adduction and medial rotation of humerus
pectoralis minor origin
ribs 3,4 and 5 and their costal cartilages
pectoralis minor insertion
coracoid process of scapula
pectoralis minor action
protracts and medially rotates scapula
pectoralis minor innervation
pectoral nerve
subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa
subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
subscapularis action
medial rotation of arm
subscapularis innervation
subscapular nerve
teres major origin
inferior angle of scapula
teres major insertion
medial lip of intertubercular groove
teres major action
adduction and medial rotation of arm
assists extension of flexed arm
teres major innervation
lower scapular nerve
pronator quadratus origin
anterior 1/4 of distal radius
pronator quadratus insertion
anterior 1/4 of distal ulna
pronator quadratus action
pronates forearm
pronator quadratus innervation
anterior interosseous nerve
pronator teres origin
common flexor origin
pronator teres insertion
middle of lateral surface of radius
pronator teres action
pronates forearm
assists elbow flexion
pronator teres innervation
median nerve
rhomboids origin
C7 and T1 spinous process and supraspinous ligament
T2-5
rhomboids insertion
medial border of spine of scapula
medial border inferior to the spine of the scapula
rhomboids action
retraction and medial rotation of scapula
rhomboids innervation
dorsal scapula nerve
subclavius origin
costochondral junction of 1st rib
subclavius insertion
inferior surface of the clavicle
subclavius action
steadies the clavicle
subclavius innervation
subclavian nerve
supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
radial collateral and annular ligaments
crest of ulna
supinator fossa
supinator insertion
lateral, posterior and anterior surface of proximal 1/3 of radius
supinator action
supinates forearm
supinator innervation
radial nerve
supraspinatus origin
supraspinous fossa
supraspinatus insertion
uppermost facet on greater tubercle of humerus
supraspinatus action
assists abduction, initiating first 20 degrees
supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve