The Nerve And Arterial Supply To The Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the spinal cord terminate?

A

Conus Medullaris

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2
Q

What are the names of the roots from which the peripheral spinal nerve emerges from the spinal cord?

A

Ventral and dorsal root

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3
Q

What does the dorsal root of the spinal cord do?

A

Carries sensory information to the spinal cord

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4
Q

What does the dorsal root ganglia contain?

A

Sensory cell bodies

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5
Q

What does the ventral root of the spinal cord do?

A

Carries motor information from the anterior horn cells

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6
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

An area of the skin supplied by a single spinal nerve or spinal cord level

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7
Q

Describe the position of the Inguinal tunnel

A

Between deep to inguinal ligament and anterior aspect of pelvis and acetabulum

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8
Q

Name 2 nerves that exit via the inguinal tunnel

A

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
Femoral nerve

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9
Q

Name the main branches of the limbo-sacral plexus

A

Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve
Superficial and inferior gluteal nerve

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10
Q

Where do the Lumbar Plexus lay?

A

Within the posterior part of Psoas Major

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11
Q

What does the Lumbar Plexus supply?

A

The abdominal wall and lower extremities

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12
Q

Name the branches of the Lumbar plexus

A

Muscular branches
Femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)
Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)
Ilio-hypogastric
Ilio-inguinal
Gntiofemoral
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

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13
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply in the pelvis?

A

Illiacus
Pectineus

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14
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply in its anterior branch?

A

Sartorius
Intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh
Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh

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15
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply in its posterior branch?

A

Saphenous nerve
Quadriceps

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16
Q

Where does the Obturator nerve originate?

A

Ventral branches of L2 - L4

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17
Q

Where does the Obturator nerve exit the pelvis via?

A

Obturator Foramen

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18
Q

What does the Obturator nerve supply?

A

Adductor Magnus
Adduction Longus
Adductor Brevis
Gracilis
Pectineus
Obturator Externus
Medial side of thigh
Knee and hip joint

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19
Q

Where does the iliohypogastric nerve originate?

A

L1

20
Q

What does iliohypogastric nerve innervate?

A

Skin over lower abdomen above the pubis, lower back, hip
Transversus Abdominis
Internal and external oblique

21
Q

Where does the ilio-inguinal nerve originate?

A

L1

22
Q

What does the ilio-inguinal nerve innervate?

A

Skin of external genitalia
Proximal medial aspect of thigh
Transversus Abdominis
Obliques

23
Q

Where does the genitofemoral nerve originate?

A

L1-L2

24
Q

What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate?

A

Anterior thigh to inguinal region

25
Q

Where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh originate?

A

L2 -L3
(Passes under the inguinal ligament medial to the ASIS)

26
Q

What does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh innervate?

A

Lateral skin of thigh

27
Q

What are the branches of sacral plexus?

A

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
Quadratus Femoris and Gemellus Inferior (L4-S1)
Obturator Internus and Gemellus Superior (L5-S2)
Piriformis (S1-S2)

28
Q

What is the largest nerve in the body?

A

Sciatic nerve

29
Q

What 2 nerves does the sciatic nerve consist of?

A

Tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve

30
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis via?

A

Greater sciatic notch, most commonly inferior to Piriformis

31
Q

What does the sciatic nerve innervate?

A

Hamstrings
Adductor Magnus (Ischial head)

32
Q

What does the superior Gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus Medius and Minimus
TFL

33
Q

What does the inferior Gluteal Nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus Maximus

34
Q

Where do the divisions of the sciatic nerve occur?

A

Approximately lower 1/3 of posterior thigh

35
Q

What does the tibial nerve supply?

A

Popliteus
Plantaris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis Posterior
FHL
FDL
(All of the superficial and deep posterior compartments of calf)

36
Q

What does the aural nerve supply?

A

The skin over the lateral side of the lower third of the leg

37
Q

What does the aural nerve derive from?

A

Branches from both tibial and common peroneal nerves

38
Q

What does the superficial peroneal Nerve innervate?

A

Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis
Skin over lateral leg

39
Q

What does the deep peroneal nerve innervate?

A

Dorsiflexors
Tibialis Anterior
EHL
EDL
Peroneus tertius
Ankle joint

40
Q

What is the name of the major artery supplying the lower limb which is a continuation of the external iliac artery?

A

Femoral artery

41
Q

When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

A

As the vessel passes under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle

42
Q

When does the femoral artery become the Popliteal artery posterior to the knee?

A

When it travels through the adductor hiatus

43
Q

What is the name of the major artery that supplies the leg and foot and enters the posterior compartment of the leg from the Popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal artery

44
Q

In the posterior compartment, what does the popliteal artery divide into?

A

The anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

45
Q

Which artery enters the foot through tarsal tunnel on medial side of ankle and posterior to medial malleoulus?

A

Posterior tibial artery