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Anatomy > The Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

The Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the shoulder girdle?

A

The bones, joints and muscles associated with the suspension of the upper limb on the trunk

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2
Q

What is the shoulder?

A

The area of articulation of the upper limb with its girdle

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3
Q

name the bones of the shoulder girdle

A

Scapula and clavicle

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4
Q

What are the joints of the shoulder girdle (names)?

A

Acromiclavicular joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Scapula-thoracic junction

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5
Q

What is the clavicle?

A

A strut to hold the scapula and therefore the numerous out to the side of the body away from the thorax

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6
Q

What Does the medial end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

Sternum

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7
Q

What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

The acromion of the scapula

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8
Q

What are the key points on the clavicle?

A

Deltoid tuberosity
Trapezoid line and conoid tubercle
Subclavian groove
Costal tuberosity

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9
Q

What attaches at the deltoid tubercle?

A

Anterior fibres of deltoid

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10
Q

What attaches at the trapezoid line and conoid tubercle?

A

The coracoclavicular ligament

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11
Q

What is the subclavian groove for?

A

The subclavian vessels

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12
Q

What attaches at the costal tuberosity?

A

Costocalvicular ligament

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13
Q

Describe the scapula

A

A classic flat bone, there for protection of the thoracic cavity and multiple anchor points for many muscles

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14
Q

What are the names of the 3 borders of the scapula?

A

Medial, lateral and superior

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15
Q

What are the names of the two angles of the scapula?

A

Inferior and superior

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16
Q

What are the names of the 2 surfaces of the scapula?

A

Costal/anterior
Dorsal/posterior

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17
Q

What are the names of the 3 bones processes of the scapula?

A

The head, acromion process, coracoid process

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18
Q

What are the names of the fossae of the scapula?

A

Supraspinopus and infraspinous

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19
Q

Where is the acromioclavicular join found?

A

It is the junction between the lateral end of the clavicle and the medial facing aspect of the acromion process

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20
Q

What type of joint is the acromiclavicular joint?

A

Synovial plane joint

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21
Q

What movements occur at the acromioclavicular joint?

A

Very small glides of acromion on clavicle

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22
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Synovial saddle joint

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23
Q

What muscles are involved in elevation of the shoulder girdle?

A

Upper fibres of Trapezius
Levator Scapulae

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24
Q

What muscles are involved in depression of the shoulder girdle?

A

Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Minor

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25
Q

What muscles are involved in protraction of the shoulder girdle?

A

Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Minor

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26
Q

What muscles are involved in retraction of the shoulder girdle?

A

Rhomboid major
Rhomboid Minor
Middle Trapezius

27
Q

What muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the shoulder girdle?

A

Upper and lower fibres of Trapezius
Serratus Anterior

28
Q

What muscles are involved in medial rotation of the shoulder girdle?

A

The Rhomboids
Pectoralis Minor
Levator Scapulae

29
Q

Name the muscles acting on the shoulder girdle

A

Subclavius
Pectoralis Minor
Pectoralis Major
Serratus Anterior
Trapezius
Levator Scapular
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor

30
Q

What is the innervation of subclavius?

A

Subclavian nerve C5,6

31
Q

What is the main function of subclavius?

A

Steadies the clavicle

32
Q

What is Pectoralis Minor deep to?

A

Pectoralis Major

33
Q

Where is the origin of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Ribs 3,4 and 5

34
Q

Where does Pectoralis minor insert?

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

35
Q

What is the innervation of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Medial Pectoral nerve C8

36
Q

What are the actions of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Protracts and medially rotates the scapular against resistance

37
Q

Where does Serratus Anterior insert ?

A

Outer surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs

38
Q

Where does Serratus Anterior originate ?

A

Costal surface of medial border of scapula

39
Q

What is the innervation of Serratus Anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve C5-7

40
Q

What are the actions of Serratus Anterior?

A

Protraction and lateral rotation of scapula

41
Q

Where does trapezius originate?

A

Superior unchallenged line and external occipital protuberance of the occipital bone
Spinous processes of C7-T12 and Supraspinous ligament

42
Q

Where do upper fibres of trapezius insert?

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

43
Q

Where do middle fibres of trapezius insert?

A

Acromion and spine of scapula

44
Q

Where do the lower fibres of trapezius insert?

A

Medial end of scapular spine

45
Q

What are the actions of the upper fibres of trapezius?

A

Elevation of the shoulder girdle
Lateral (side) flexion of the neck
Both together (extension of neck)

46
Q

What is the action of the middle fibres of trapezius?

A

Retraction of shoulder girdle

47
Q

What is the action of the lower fibres of trapezius?

A

Depression of the scapula against resistance

48
Q

What is the action of the upper and lower fibres of trapezius together (with Serratus anterior)?

A

Lateral rotation of the scapula to increase range of movement of upper limb

49
Q

What are the functional activities of trapezius?

A

Steadies scapula
Provides fixation
Produces lateral rotation of scapula
Produces retraction of scapula
Produces depression of scapula against resistance

50
Q

Where does Levator scapulae originate?

A

Transverse processes of C1,2,3,4

51
Q

Where does Levator scapular insert?

A

Superior portion of the medial border of scapula

52
Q

What is the nerve supply of levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapulae nerve

53
Q

What are the actions of levator scapulae?

A

Elevation and medial rotation

54
Q

Where does rhomboid minor originate?

A

C7 and T1 spinous processes and Supraspinous ligament

55
Q

Where does rhomboid minor insert?

A

Medial border of scapula spine

56
Q

Where does rhomboid major originate?

A

T2-T5 spinous processes and Supraspinous ligament

57
Q

Where does rhomboid major insert?

A

Medial border, inferior to the scapula spine

58
Q

What is the nerve supply of the rhomboids?

A

Dorsal capsule nerve C4-5

59
Q

What are the actions of the rhomboids?

A

Retraction and medial rotation of scapula

60
Q

How does the shoulder girdle increase range of activity of upper limb?

A

Changes position of the glenoid fossa, relative to chest wall
Clavicle holds shoulder away from chest wall

61
Q

Why is the shoulder girdle important?

A

Increases range of activity of upper limb
Clavicle absorbs tension and compression stresses

62
Q

Name the 7 muscle acting on the shoulder girdle

A

Subclavius
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

63
Q

What are the functions of trapezius?

A

Stabilises scapula and clavicle
Facilitates upper limb movement above head

64
Q

Hat is the nerve supply of trapezius?

A

Accessory nerve
C3/4 nerve roots

Anatomy (15 decks)

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