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Regional Anatomy 1 > Upper Limb: Arm > Flashcards

Upper Limb: Arm Flashcards

1
Q

what nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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2
Q

the musculocutaneous nerve is a terminal branch of what

A

lateral cord of brachial plexus

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3
Q

the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm ___ the shoulder or elbow joints

A

flex

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4
Q

the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm cross the ____ surface of the glenohumeral or elbow joints

A

anterior

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5
Q

what muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis

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6
Q

what is the most anterior muscle of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii

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7
Q

the 2 heads of biceps brachii originate from where

A

scapula

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8
Q

the short head of biceps brachii attaches to the

A

coracoid process

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9
Q

the long head of biceps brachii attaches to the

A

the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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10
Q

how does the long head of biceps brachii attach to the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

A

forms a tendon that creates a groove at the proximal end of the humerus before attaching

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11
Q

where does the biceps brachii insert

A

radial tuberosity

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12
Q

what are the actions of biceps brachii

A

supination and flexion of elbow when supine
weak flexion of arm at shoulder

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13
Q

what is the requirement for a muscle to be involved in supination or pronation of the forearm

A

muscle must attach to the radius

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14
Q

what happens in supination and pronation

A

radius moves around the ulna

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15
Q

biceps brachii rotates the radius to create ____

A

supination

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16
Q

what is the most powerful supinator of the forearm

A

biceps brachii

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17
Q

both heads of biceps brachii help to what

A

support glenohumeral joint to resist dislocation

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18
Q

which head of biceps brachii assists in flexing the arm at the shoulder

A

short head - passes across anterior surface of glenohumeral joint

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19
Q

which head of biceps brachii prevents head of humerus moving superiorly

A

long head

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20
Q

which head resists dislocation of shoulder

A

short head - also long helps

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21
Q

what is the innervation of biceps brachii

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5 6)

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22
Q

where does the coracobrachialis originate

A

coracoid process of scapula

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23
Q

where does the coracobrachialis insert

A

medial mid-shaft humerus

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24
Q

what are the actions of coracobrachialis

A

flexion of arm at shoulder
assists in adduction of arm

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25
Q

what is the innervation of coracobrachialis

A

pierced and innervated by musculocutaneous nerve (C5 7)

26
Q

does coracobrachialis act on the elbow joint

A

no it doesnt cross elbow joint

27
Q

what is a landmark for coracobrachialis

A

as the musculocutaneous nerve divides from the lateral cord it usually pierces coracobrachialis

28
Q

where does brachialis originate

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

29
Q

where does brachialis insert

A

ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

30
Q

what is the action of brachialis

A

flexion of elbow

31
Q

is brachialis involved in pronation or supination

A

no, it attaches to the ulna not radius

32
Q

what is the most powerful flexor of the elbow

A

brachialis

33
Q

what is the innervation of brachialis

A

mainly musculocutaneous nerve (C5 6) but some of lateral fibres of muscle are supplied by radial nerve (C7)

34
Q

brachialis is ____ biceps brachii

A

under

35
Q

what muscles are found in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

36
Q

what nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm

A

radial nerve (C6-8)

37
Q

the long head of the triceps brachii originates where

A

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

38
Q

the medial head of the triceps brachii originates where

A

posterior surface of shaft of humerus (inferior to radial groove)

39
Q

lateral head of triceps brachii originates where

A

humerus - superior to radial groove

40
Q

the triceps brachii inserts where

A

olecranon of ulna

41
Q

what is the action of triceps brachii

A

extends elbow

42
Q

which head of the triceps brachii resists dislocation of shoulder

A

long head

43
Q

the brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery at what point

A

once axillary artery has crossed the inferior border of teres major

44
Q

what are the branches of the brachial artery

A
  • deep brachial artery (profunda brachii) which forms radial collateral artery
  • superior and inferior ulnar collateral branches
  • radial artery
  • ulnar artery
45
Q

where does the brachial artery divide into its terminal branches of the radial and ulnar arteries

A

in or close to the cubital fossa

46
Q

the radial and ulnar collateral arteries also supply blood to an anastomosis around

A

the elbow joint

47
Q

what forms the anastomoses around the elbow joint

A

the radial and ulnar collateral branches from the brachial and profunda brachii arteries join with recurrent arteries from radial and ulnar nerves

48
Q

the ulnar artery goes onto form what to supply what

A

a common interosseous branch that forms anterior and posterior interosseous branches to supply deep structures of the forearm

49
Q

what structures cross the anterior surface of the humerus to enter the cubital fossa

A

brachial artery and median nerve

50
Q

what nerve lies under the biceps brachii

A

musculocutaneous nerve

51
Q

the radial nerve passes through what to reach the forearm

A

lateral intermuscular septa

52
Q

the ulnar nerve passes through what to reach the forearm

A

medial intermuscular septa

53
Q

what is the main tributary of the axillary vein

A

basilic vein

54
Q

the cephalic vein travels _____ as it passes to the deltopectoral groove

A

superficial

55
Q

what is the attachment site for muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm

A

medial epicondyle

56
Q

what is another name for the medial epicondyle and why

A

common flexor origin - attachment site for muscles of anterior compartment of forearm - the flexors of the wrist and digits

57
Q

what is the attachment site for many of the extensors of the wrist and digits - common extensor origin

A

lateral epicondyle

58
Q

what is the articulation at the elbow between

A

between the rounded capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius and with the trochlea of the humerus with the ulna

59
Q

where does the anconeus attach

A

posterior surface of distal humerus

60
Q

what is the action of anconeus

A

extends the elbow

61
Q

what is the innervation of anconeus

A

radial nerve (C7 - C8 (T1))

62
Q

what compartment is anconeus

A

included either in posterior compartment of arm or forearm as is somewhere in between

Regional Anatomy 1 (30 decks)

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