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Regional Anatomy 1 > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve root of axillary nerve

A

C5 C6

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2
Q

what do somatic nerves carry

A

motor fibres to skeletal muscle and sensory from skin

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3
Q

what does the axillary nerve supply efferent motor innervation to

A

deltoid muscle and teres minor

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4
Q

where does the axillary nerve carry sensory information from

A

skin on upper lateral surface of arm (badge patch)

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5
Q

what does each spinal nerve divide into

A

dorsal (posterior) ramus and a larger ventral (anterior) ramus

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6
Q

what does the dorsal/posterior ramus supply

A

posterior body wall

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7
Q

what does the ventral/anterior ramus supply

A

anterolateral body wall and limbs

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8
Q

do somatic nerves supply cardiac or smooth muscle or carry sensory innervation to internal structures of the body

A

no

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9
Q

what is the fusion of the sympathetic chain at the coccyx called

A

ganglion impar

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10
Q

sympathetic outflow is from where

A

thoracolumbar
T1-L2/3

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11
Q

what 2 locations can post-synaptic neurons of the sympathetic system be found

A

paravertebral ganglia
pre-vertebral ganglia

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12
Q

how far does the sympathetic chain extend

A

length of the column

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13
Q

where is the prevertebral ganglia

A

anterior to the vertebral column

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14
Q

how do presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibres pass from the spinal nerve to the sympathetic chain

A

white rami communicantes

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15
Q

are white rami communicantes myelinated

A

yes

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16
Q

where are WRC found

A

only at T1-L1/2

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17
Q

where are GRC found

A

at all 31 spinal nerves

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18
Q

what is a GRC

A

pathway by which postsynaptic sympathetic fibres leave the sympathetic chain to reenter spinal nerves

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19
Q

what are the 4 pathways presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibres can take in the sympathetic trunk

A

1) ascend and then synapse
2) synapse at level of entry
3) descend and then synapse
4) pass through without synapsing to enter abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

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20
Q

why would a pre-synaptic sympathetic nerve fibre ascend then synapse

A

innervation of head
cervical cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves
spinal nerves to neck, upper trunk and upper limb

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21
Q

why would a pre-synaptic sympathetic nerve fibre synapse at level of entry

A

innervation of thoracic viscera and body wall
- thoracic cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves
- spinal nerves to middle trunk

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22
Q

why would a pre-synaptic sympathetic nerve fibre descend then synapse

A

spinal nerves to lower trunk and lower limb

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23
Q

why would a pre-synaptic sympathetic nerve fibre pass through the chain without synapsing to enter abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

A

innervation of abdominopelvic viscera

24
Q

what do post synaptic sympathetic fibres from the pre-vertebral ganglia form

A

periarterial plexuses which follow branches of abdominal aorta to reach destination

25
Q

parasympathetic outflow

A

craniosacral
CN 3 7 9 10 (III, VII, IX and X) and S2-4

26
Q

CN III provides motor fibres to where
and parasympathetic fibres to where

A

motor - extra-ocular muscles
PS - ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae

27
Q

CN III parasympathetic innervation of the ciliary muscles in the eye does what

A

accommodation - causes lens to thicken to see closer in

28
Q

CN III parasympathetic supply of sphincter pupillae does what

A

constricts pupil

29
Q

CN VII provides parasympathetic innervation to where

A

lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands

30
Q

CN VII provides motor innervation to where

A

muscles of facial expression

31
Q

what branch of CN VII provides parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular gland

A

chorda tympani

32
Q

what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve in the face

A

temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal
cervical

33
Q

what does CN IX provide parasympathetic secretomotor supply to

A

parotid salivary gland

34
Q

where does CN X provide parasympathetic sensory and motor supply to

A

smooth muscle of organs of thorax, abdomen and up to left colic flexure in abdomen (foregut and midgut)

35
Q

S2,3,4 supply parasympathetic innervation to where in the gut

A

descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum

36
Q

s2 3 and 4 form what

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

37
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves supply what

A

organs of the pelvis

38
Q

are there any parasympathetic nerves to the body wall

A

no - except erectile tissue of genitalia

39
Q

parasympathetic nerves tend to have ____ presynaptic fibres and _____ postsynaptic fibres

A

long presynaptic
short postsynaptic

40
Q

sympathetic nerves tend to have ___ presynaptic fibres and ___ postsynaptic fibres

A

short presynaptic
long postsynaptic

41
Q

are parasympathetic fibres part of spinal nerves

A

no except s234

42
Q

where are parasympathetic post synaptic cell bodies located

A

in or on wall of target organ

43
Q

visceral parasympathetic sensory supply mostly from

A

CN IX
CN X
S2-4

44
Q

what nerve provides parasympathetic innervation of chemoreceptor and baroreceptors in neck arteries and receptors in pharynx

A

CN IX

45
Q

what nerve provides parasympathetic innervation of cervical viscera and vessels and viscera in thorax and abdomen

A

CN X

46
Q

visceral sensory from pelvic viscera and distal colon carried in

A

S234

47
Q

parasympathetic sensory component does what

A

monitors normal physiological processes and reflex activities

48
Q

what cranial nerve gives fibres to the pterygopalatine ganglion and submandibular ganglion

A

CN VII

49
Q

what cranial nerve gives fibres to the otic ganglion

A

CN IX

50
Q

what does sympathetic stimulation do to blood vessels

A

constriction

51
Q

what is referred pain

A

when body interprets visceral pain as somatic pain i.e. from body wall of spinal segment rather than organ

52
Q

pain in the somatic system is highly

A

localised

53
Q

describe the feeling of appendicitis

A

patient feels a diffuse pain around umbilicus (T10) then moves to RLQ as appendix starts to irritate body wall

54
Q

sympathetic stimulation of heart

A

increases rate and strength of contraction
dilate coronary vessels

55
Q

parasympathetic stimulation of heart

A

decreases rate and strength of contraction
constricts coronary vessels in relation to reduced demand

Regional Anatomy 1 (30 decks)

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