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Regional Anatomy 1 > Midgut > Flashcards

Midgut Flashcards

1
Q

what is meant by the midgut

A

from half way along the duodenum
jejunum
ileum
caecum
appendix
ascending colon
to 2/3rds of the way across the transverse colon

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2
Q

blood to the midgut is from where

A

superior mesenteric artery - L1 on aorta

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3
Q

what suspends the jejenum and ileum to the body wall

A

the mesentery

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4
Q

the small intestine is how long

A

6m

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5
Q

where does the jejenum begin

A

at the duodeno-jejunal junction (proximal 2/5ths)

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6
Q

where does the ileum start and end

A

jejenum to ileocaecal junction (distal 3/5ths)

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7
Q

what is the appearance of the jejenum

A

upper, red

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8
Q

what is the appearance of the ileum

A

lower, pale

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9
Q

describe the wall of the jejenum

A

thicker, more plicae circularis

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10
Q

describe the wall of the ileum

A

thinner, less plicae

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11
Q

which is narrower of the jejenum and ileum

A

jejenum is wider

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12
Q

describe the mesenteric vessels of the jejenum

A

1 or 2 arcades, long branches to wall

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13
Q

describe the mesenteric vessels of the ileum

A

numerous short branches from 3 or 4 arcades

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14
Q

describe the adipose tissue of the jejenum

A

most near root of mesentery

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15
Q

describe the adipose tissue of ileum

A

all through mesentery

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16
Q

describe the lymphoid tissue of the jejenum

A

small amount

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17
Q

describe the lymphoid tissue of the ileum

A

numerous Peyer’s patches

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18
Q

what is the arterial supply of the jejenum and ileum

A

from jejenul and ileal branches of the superior mesenteric artery - anastomose to form arcades (branches from left side and run in mesentery)

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19
Q

what is the arterial supply of the distal ileum

A

ileocolic branch of superior mesenteric artery

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20
Q

where does blood from jejenum and ileum drain

A

superior mesenteric vein via ileocolic, ileal and jejenal veins

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21
Q

lymph from the jejenum and ileum drains where

A

local nodes then pre-aortic nodes at root of superior mesenteric artery at L1

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22
Q

autonomic nerve supply of jejenum and ileum from where

A

superior mesenteric plexus

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23
Q

pain from jejenum and ileum referred where

A

umbilical region

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24
Q

what is the function of the mesentery

A

attaches the jejenum and ileum to the body wall and allows passage of blood vessels, nerves and lymph but also allows the intestines to move within the abdominal cavity during digestion

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25
Q

what are the sacculations of the large intestine wall called

A

haustra

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26
Q

what are the fatty tags of the large intestine called

A

appendices epiploicae

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27
Q

are there fatty tags on the small intestine

A

no

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28
Q

what is the function of the appendices epiploicae

A

fat store - range in size from person to person

29
Q

what is the teniae coli

A

longitudinal muscle collected into 3 bands on the large intestine

30
Q

give 3 differences in wall of small and large intestine

A

small has no fatty tags//large does
wall of small looks smooth // large has haustra
small is a continuous layer of smooth muscle // large has teniae coli

31
Q

function of the large intestine

A

absorb water and electrolytes
store undigested material until expelled from body

32
Q

where is the caecum found

A

lies at the base of the ascending colon and sits in right iliac fossa

33
Q

where does the ileum open into the caecum

A

at the ileocaecal valve

34
Q

caecum is covered in

A

peritoneum

35
Q

describe the ileocaecal valve

A

2 folds in opening of ileum - circular muscle of wall of ileum is a more effective sphincter

36
Q

what are the relations of the caecum

A

small intestine
psoas
iliacus

37
Q

what is the arterial supply of the caecum

A

caecal arteries from ileocolic artery: the terminal brnach of superior mesenteric artery

38
Q

venous drainage of caecum

A

ileocolic vein to superior mesenteric vein

39
Q

lymph drainage of caecum

A

to mesenteric then superior mesenteric nodes (L1)

40
Q

autonomic nerves of caecum from

A

superior mesenteric plexus

41
Q

the tip of the appendix is most often found

A

posterior to the caecum

42
Q

where is the appendix found

A

1/3 along line from ASIS to umbilicus

43
Q

does the appendix have a mesentery

A

yes small mesoappendix mesentery

44
Q

what are 2 functions of appendix

A

small bacterial store
contain lymph tissue

45
Q

what is the arterial supply of the appendix

A

small appendicular artery (branch of ileocolic) runs in mesoappendix

46
Q

the appendicular artery is a branch of what

A

ileocolic artery

47
Q

what is the venous drainage of the appendix

A

small vein that drains into the posterior caecal vein

48
Q

pain from appendix is referred where

A

umbilicus (T10)

49
Q

lymph drainage of appendix

A

to mesenteric then superior mesenteric nodes (L1)

50
Q

autonomic nerves of appendix

A

superior mesenteric plexus

51
Q

how long is the ascending colon and where does it go between

A

15cm long from caecum to transverse colon

52
Q

the ascending colon is ____peritoneal

A

retroperitoneal

53
Q

what is the point where the ascending colon turns and becomes the transverse colon

A

hepatic flexure

54
Q

what supplies the ascending colon

A

ileocolic and right colic arteries (branches of superior mesenteric artery)

55
Q

what are the relations of the ascending colon

A

small intestine
greater omentum
iliacus
iliac crest
quadratus lumborum
right kidney
ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves

56
Q

venous drainage of ascending colon

A

ileocolic and right colic veins to superior mesenteric vein

57
Q

lymph drainage of the ascending colon

A

superior mesenteric nodes - pre-aortic L1

58
Q

nerves of ascending colon

A

ANS from superior mesenteric plexus

59
Q

where does the transverse colon pass between

A

right colic (hepatic) and left colic (splenic) flexures

60
Q

what is the name of the mesentery by which the transverse colon is suspended

A

transverse mesocolon

61
Q

what are the relations of the transverse colon

A

greater omentum
pancreas
small intestine

62
Q

what is the blood supply of the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon

A

from middle colic artery from superior mesenteric

63
Q

what is the blood supply of the distal 1/3 of transverse colon

A

left colic artery from inferior mesenteric artery

64
Q

blood from transverse colon drains where

A

superior and inferior mesenteric veins

65
Q

lymph from transverse colon drains where

A

proximal 2/3: pre-aortic nodes at L1
distal 1/3: pre-aortic nodes at L3

66
Q

ANS of transverse colon

A

from superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses

67
Q

what is the parasympathetic supply of the transverse colon

A

vagus nerve supplies the proximal 2/3
pelvic splanchnic nerves supply the distal 1/3

68
Q

describe the arterial arcade that supplies the transverse colon

A

marginal artery that anastomoses between the right, middle and left colic arteries

Regional Anatomy 1 (30 decks)

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