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Regional Anatomy 1 > Axilla > Flashcards

Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

what fascia encloses subclavius and pec minor

A

clavipectoral fascia

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2
Q

where does the clavipectoral fascia pass from

A

clavicle to blend with fascia in floor of axilla

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3
Q

what 3 structures pierce the clavipectoral fascia

A

cephalic vein
thoracoacromial artery
lateral pectoral nerve

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4
Q

when does the cephalic vein pierce the clavipectoral fascia

A

as it enters the axilla to join the axillary vein

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5
Q

when does the thoracoacromial artery pierce the clavipectoral fascia

A

as it leaves the axilla to supply the body wall

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6
Q

when does the lateral pectoral nerve pierce the clavipectoral fascia

A

as it leaves axilla to supply pec major with motor innervation

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7
Q

axilla: anterior boundaries

A

pectoral muscles, subclavius and fascia

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8
Q

axilla: floor

A

skin that extends into arm

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9
Q

axilla: roof

A

bony structures of the clavicle, scapula and 1st rib

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10
Q

axilla: posterior wall

A

subscapularis
teres major
lat. dorsi
long head of triceps brachii

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11
Q

axilla: lateral wall

A

humerus

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12
Q

axilla: medial wall

A

serratus anterior and wall of thorax

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13
Q

what is contained in the axilla

A

vessels, nerves, lymphatics for upper limb/mammary tissue
adipose tissue
short head of biceps and coracobrachialis

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14
Q

what forms the axillary vein

A

mainly formed from basilic vein

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15
Q

what does the basilic vein drain

A

postero-medial superficial tissues of forearm and hand before passing into arm and receiving blood from brachial veins

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16
Q

when does the basilic vein become the axillary vein

A

once it crosses the inferior margin of teres major

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17
Q

what joins the axillary vein after basilic vein crosses the inferior margin of teres major

A

final branches of the brachial veins

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18
Q

what does the cephalic vein drain

A

superficial tissues of the lateral side of the forearm and hand

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19
Q

the cephalic vein runs through what to reach where

A

runs through the deltopectoral groove, pierces the clavipectoral fascia to reach the axilla

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20
Q

once the cephalic vein has pierced the clavipectoral fascia and reached the axilla what does it drain into

A

axillary vein

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21
Q

what is the course of the axillary vein

A

passes out of the axilla at the lateral border of the first rib to become the subclavian vein

22
Q

the axillary vein is ____ to the axillary artery in the axilla

A

anterior

23
Q

the axillary artery sits ____ to the axillary vein

A

inferior

24
Q

where does the axillary artery begin

A

subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery as it crosses the lateral border of the first rib

25
Q

what is the course of the axillary artery

A

passes through the axilla and exits as it passes over the inferior border of teres major to become brachial artery in arm

26
Q

the axillary artery is divided into _ parts

A

3

27
Q

the parts of the axillary artery are named according to what

A

to position relative to pec minor

28
Q

the first part of the axillary artery lies

A

proximal (medial) to pec minor

29
Q

the first part of the axillary artery has how many branches

A

one branch - the superior thoracic artery

30
Q

the second part of the axillary artery lies

A

posterior to pec minor

31
Q

the second part of the axillary artery has how many branches

A

2 - the thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic arteries

32
Q

the third part of the axillary artery lies

A

distal (lateral) to pec minor

33
Q

the third part of the axillary artery has how many branches

A

3 - subscapular artery and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

34
Q

the branches of the third part of the axillary artery supply what

A

muscles on anterior body wall, humerus and form anastomoses around scapula with branches of subclavian artery

35
Q

why is there an anastomosis of the axillary artery

A

compensate for any brief occlusion of the axillary artery caused by movements of the upper limb

36
Q

axillary nodes drain what

A

upper limb
lateral breast
upper back and shoulder
lower neck

37
Q

what are the 5 groups of nodes in the axilla

A

humeral
pectoral
subscapular
central
apical

38
Q

where are the humeral nodes found

A

posterior to axillary vein

39
Q

the humeral nodes drain what

A

upper limb

40
Q

where are the pectoral nodes found

A

inferior margin of pec minor

41
Q

what do the pectoral nodes drain

A

thorax and mammary tissue

42
Q

where are the subscapular nodes

A

posterior axillary wall

43
Q

what do the subscapular nodes drain

A

back, shoulder, neck

44
Q

where are the central nodes of the axilla found

A

axillary fat

45
Q

what do the central nodes drain

A

communicate with other nodes

46
Q

where are the apical nodes

A

superior margin of pec minor (apex of axilla)

47
Q

what do apical nodes drain

A

other nodes and mammary tissue

48
Q

lymph drains from local nodes to

A

central nodes in axilla before draining to apical nodes in apex

49
Q

how many axillary nodes are there

A

20-30 (5 groups)

50
Q

lymph from the lateral breast drains where

A

axillary nodes

51
Q

why does lymph from lateral breast drain into the axilla

A

presence of tail of breast tissue that passes along thoracic wall towards axilla

52
Q

lymph from medial breast drains where

A

internal thoracic nodes

Regional Anatomy 1 (30 decks)

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