Axilla Flashcards
what fascia encloses subclavius and pec minor
clavipectoral fascia
where does the clavipectoral fascia pass from
clavicle to blend with fascia in floor of axilla
what 3 structures pierce the clavipectoral fascia
cephalic vein
thoracoacromial artery
lateral pectoral nerve
when does the cephalic vein pierce the clavipectoral fascia
as it enters the axilla to join the axillary vein
when does the thoracoacromial artery pierce the clavipectoral fascia
as it leaves the axilla to supply the body wall
when does the lateral pectoral nerve pierce the clavipectoral fascia
as it leaves axilla to supply pec major with motor innervation
axilla: anterior boundaries
pectoral muscles, subclavius and fascia
axilla: floor
skin that extends into arm
axilla: roof
bony structures of the clavicle, scapula and 1st rib
axilla: posterior wall
subscapularis
teres major
lat. dorsi
long head of triceps brachii
axilla: lateral wall
humerus
axilla: medial wall
serratus anterior and wall of thorax
what is contained in the axilla
vessels, nerves, lymphatics for upper limb/mammary tissue
adipose tissue
short head of biceps and coracobrachialis
what forms the axillary vein
mainly formed from basilic vein
what does the basilic vein drain
postero-medial superficial tissues of forearm and hand before passing into arm and receiving blood from brachial veins
when does the basilic vein become the axillary vein
once it crosses the inferior margin of teres major
what joins the axillary vein after basilic vein crosses the inferior margin of teres major
final branches of the brachial veins
what does the cephalic vein drain
superficial tissues of the lateral side of the forearm and hand
the cephalic vein runs through what to reach where
runs through the deltopectoral groove, pierces the clavipectoral fascia to reach the axilla
once the cephalic vein has pierced the clavipectoral fascia and reached the axilla what does it drain into
axillary vein
what is the course of the axillary vein
passes out of the axilla at the lateral border of the first rib to become the subclavian vein
the axillary vein is ____ to the axillary artery in the axilla
anterior
the axillary artery sits ____ to the axillary vein
inferior
where does the axillary artery begin
subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery as it crosses the lateral border of the first rib
what is the course of the axillary artery
passes through the axilla and exits as it passes over the inferior border of teres major to become brachial artery in arm
the axillary artery is divided into _ parts
3
the parts of the axillary artery are named according to what
to position relative to pec minor
the first part of the axillary artery lies
proximal (medial) to pec minor
the first part of the axillary artery has how many branches
one branch - the superior thoracic artery
the second part of the axillary artery lies
posterior to pec minor
the second part of the axillary artery has how many branches
2 - the thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic arteries
the third part of the axillary artery lies
distal (lateral) to pec minor
the third part of the axillary artery has how many branches
3 - subscapular artery and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
the branches of the third part of the axillary artery supply what
muscles on anterior body wall, humerus and form anastomoses around scapula with branches of subclavian artery
why is there an anastomosis of the axillary artery
compensate for any brief occlusion of the axillary artery caused by movements of the upper limb
axillary nodes drain what
upper limb
lateral breast
upper back and shoulder
lower neck
what are the 5 groups of nodes in the axilla
humeral
pectoral
subscapular
central
apical
where are the humeral nodes found
posterior to axillary vein
the humeral nodes drain what
upper limb
where are the pectoral nodes found
inferior margin of pec minor
what do the pectoral nodes drain
thorax and mammary tissue
where are the subscapular nodes
posterior axillary wall
what do the subscapular nodes drain
back, shoulder, neck
where are the central nodes of the axilla found
axillary fat
what do the central nodes drain
communicate with other nodes
where are the apical nodes
superior margin of pec minor (apex of axilla)
what do apical nodes drain
other nodes and mammary tissue
lymph drains from local nodes to
central nodes in axilla before draining to apical nodes in apex
how many axillary nodes are there
20-30 (5 groups)
lymph from the lateral breast drains where
axillary nodes
why does lymph from lateral breast drain into the axilla
presence of tail of breast tissue that passes along thoracic wall towards axilla
lymph from medial breast drains where
internal thoracic nodes
