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Physiology Test 2 > Upper GI > Flashcards

Upper GI Flashcards

1
Q

Upper G.I.

A

mouth
Esophagus
Stomach

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2
Q

Salivary glands of the mouth

A

parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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3
Q

Saliva

A

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates and starch
amylase

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4
Q

pharyngeal muscles

A

Soft palate
Epiglottis

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5
Q

Dysphasia

A

Difficulty swallowing

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6
Q

Odynophagia

A

Difficulty, swallowing and accompanied by pain

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7
Q

esophagus

A

tube that directs the bolus from the pharynx to the stomach

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8
Q

epiglottis

A

Prevents bolus entering the trachea

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9
Q

Upper esophageal sphincter

A

Opens for swallowing, skeletal muscle

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10
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

Smooth muscle
Role in acid reflux,
diaphragm reinforces

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11
Q

lining of esophagus

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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12
Q

hiatal hernia

A

Section of the stomach protrudes up through an opening

Most common cause for gastroesophageal reflux

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13
Q

Congenital abnormalities

A

Atresia - congenital closure
with or without esophageal tracheal fistula

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14
Q

Stricture

A

Increased fibrosis in sclerosis
increased muscular component

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15
Q

Role of stomach

A

Storage-regulates rate of passage to small intestine
defense - acid to destroy bacteria
Digestion - chemical and mechanical forms chyme
Absorption - from G.I. lumen to ECF
Motility - movement due to muscle contraction
Secretion!!

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16
Q

secretion in the stomach

A

Gastrin G cells stimulates HCL production

somatostatin - D cells Inhibits HCl

hCl and intrinsic factor parietal cells

Pepsinogen and gastric lipase (chief cells)

mucous and HCO3

ghrelin

Histamine

17
Q

HCl and intrinsic factor in the stomach

A

Parietal cells

hCl activates pepsinogen and defense

Intrinsic factor - absorption of vitamin B 12 by the terminal ileum

Triggers somatostatin

18
Q

histamine in the stomach

A

enterochromaffin like cells

Stimulates HCl production

19
Q

pepsinogen and gastric lipase

A

Digest proteins and fats

20
Q

stomach has, which epithelium

A

Cuboidal glandular epithelium

Physiology Test 2 (12 decks)

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