UPPER GI

Question 1

SCC of esophagus is linked to

Answer 1

smoking, alcohol intake, diets rich in nitrosamines and achalasia.

Question 2

Groups for close endoscopic monitoring

Answer 2

Intestinal metaplasia of columnar type of gastric cardia
atrophic gastritis
Low to medium grade dysplasia
Patients who have previously undergone resections for benign peptic ulcer disease (except highly selective vagotomy).

Question 3

Risk factors for stomach Ca

Answer 3

male gender, H. pylori infection*, increasing age, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Other risk factors include salt in diet, positive family history, and pernicious anaemia.

Question 4

Lauren classification of stomach Ca

Answer 4

The Lauren classification describes
1. Diffuse type of adenocarcinoma (Linitis plastica type lesion)
2. An intestinal type.

Question 5

Troisier sign

Answer 5

Troisier sign is the presence of a palpable left supraclavicular node (Virchow node) and is considered a sign of metastatic abdominal malignancy (typically gastric).

Question 6

Gastric Ca signs

Answer 6

hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, or acanthosis nigricans (Fig. 2).

Question 7

HIV is linked to which biliray tract abnormality

Answer 7

Sclerosing cholangitis

Question 8

Sclerosing cholangitis in HIV is due to

Answer 8

CMV, Cryptosporidium and Microsporidia

Question 9

chronic inflammation, and foveolar hyperplasia in ?

Answer 9

Reflux gastritis

Question 10

Complication of Menetrier disease

Answer 10

Hypoalbuminemia

Question 11

6