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MRCS A(My Own) > Transplants > Flashcards

Transplants Flashcards

1
Q

hyperacute organ rejection by which HLA

A

IgG anti HLA Class I antibodies

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2
Q

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

A

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

T ur syndrome
U rethral stricture/UTI
R etrograde ejaculation
P erforation of the prostate

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3
Q

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

A

Complications of Transurethral Resection: TURP

T ur syndrome
U rethral stricture/UTI
R etrograde ejaculation
P erforation of the prostate

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4
Q

l” ndependent digestion from pancreas function

A

Folic Acid

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5
Q

pulmonary embolus causes. which. pH abrmorality

A

Respiratory alkalosis

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6
Q

Rx of
Hyperacute rejection
Acute rejection

A

Hyper : remove donor organ
Acute: corticosteroids

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7
Q

Corticosteroid causes apoptosis or necrosis

A

Apoptosis

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8
Q

whichorgan is most prone to hyperacute rejection

A

Kidney

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9
Q

Hyperacute VS Acute Rejection way

A

Hyper by ABO incompatibility and HLA Class I incompatible
Acute by T cells

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10
Q

Organ specific changesafter transplant

A

loss of acinar cells in pancreas transplants and
rapidly progressive coronary artery disease in cardiac transplants.

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11
Q

myointimal proliferation leading to organ ischaemia in which type of rejection

A

Chronic

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12
Q

Survival rate of cadavers vs monozygotic twins

A

Cadavers: 9 years
Mono: 25

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13
Q

Corticosteroid function after transplants

A
  1. Supression of macrophage activation
  2. Reduction in lymphocyte proliferation
  3. Apoptosis of lymphocyte
  4. Reduction in expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules
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14
Q

Complication of renal transplant after few months

A

Renal Artery Stenosis

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15
Q

induction agent in kidney transplantation,

A

Basiliximab

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16
Q

CMV causes which type of rejection

A

Acute

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17
Q

Recurrence of original renal disease

A

MCGN > IgA > FSGS

18
Q

importance of the HLA antigens are as follows

A

DR > B > A

19
Q

Most common post transplant infection

A

Cmv

20
Q

treatment of choice in transplant induced CMV infection

A

Intravenous ganciclovir

21
Q

Which HLA is most imp

A

DR

22
Q

Which drug shouldn’t be given post renal transplant

A

NSAID like Diclofenac

23
Q

Post transplant complications
CMV vs EBV

A

CMV: 4 weeks to 6 months post transplant
EBV: post transplant lymphoproliferative disease. > 6 months post transplant

24
Q

Vascular complication post transplant

A

Renal artery/vein thrombosis occurs very early
Renal artery stenosis: after several months

25
Q

immunosuppressive therapies have limited effectiveness in reversing which kind of rejection

A

chronic rejection

26
Q

Which organ is most susceptible to donor- recipient HLA mismatches?

A

Kidney

27
Q

If taking Tacrolimus what to avoid

A

Grapefruit juice,watercress and St.Johns Wort

28
Q

1st line agent as immunosuppressive agent

A

Tacrolimus

29
Q

Right sided live donor transplants
then sudden loss of urine

A

Renal Artery stenosis

30
Q

hyperacute graft rejection by which

A

IgG

31
Q

commonest causes of anuria post transplant

A

Blocked catheter or hypovolemia

32
Q

in the first 5 weeks following transplantation with pain and swelling at the graft site.

A

Most likely ureteric obstruction or leakage

33
Q

Rx of lymphocole

A

Creation of a laparoscopic or open peritoneal window is a favored treatment.

34
Q

Rx of ureteric leaks

A

Surgical re-implantation of the ureter for large leaks and
Stent insertion and nephrostomy placement for smaller leaks.

35
Q

Occurs within minutes of clamp release

A

Hyperacute rejection

36
Q

Pre-sensitisation of the donorcauses which kind of injury

A

Accelerated acute

37
Q

Histology of acute vs Chronic rejection

A

Acute: cellular infiltrates and graft cell apoptosis
Chronic: graft atrophy and atherosclerosis are seen. Fibrosis often occurs as a late event

38
Q

Anti-proliferative agents example

A

Mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine.

39
Q

Side effects of Azathioprine

A

myelosupression, alopecia and nausea

40
Q

Side effects of tacrolimus

A

high incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes
less hypertension and hyperlipidaemia

MRCS A(My Own) (28 decks)

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