Limb

Question 1

Raynard phenomenon. Rx

Answer 1

Treatment is with calcium antagonist

Question 2

Diff b/w embolus and atheromatic occlusions

Answer 2

Sudden onset of symptoms; pain, pallor, paresis, pulselessness, paraesthesia

claudication, ulceration and gangrene

Question 3

Upper limb venous thrombosisarise as a result of

Answer 3

arise as a result of repetitive use of the limb in a task such as painting a ceiling

Question 4

Adsons test

Answer 4

Test for Cer vical rib
Lateral flexion of the neck away from symptomatic side and traction of the symptomatic arm- leads to obliteration of radial pulse)

Question 5

Cervical rib. fibrous band arises from

Answer 5

fibrous band that often originates from C7

Question 6

Simmons Thompson test

Answer 6

Used to chk Achilles tendon rupture
Positive when lack of plantar flexion on squeezing the calf

Question 7

Achilles Tendon rupture at

Answer 7

4-6 cm above Calcaneal insertion in the watershed hypovascular area

Question 8

What rule is usedto get xray in order of foot or anKle injury

Answer 8

Ottawa ankle rule

Question 9

What occurs with Tibialis post tendon rupture

Answer 9

valgus deformity due to unopposed eversion

Question 10

Fibular flap

Answer 10

Useful source of long segment of vascularised bone and is used for mandibular reconstruction

Not used in just skin injuries

Question 11

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome

Answer 11

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome This is a loss of motor function in FPL,FDP index and pronatorquadratus without sensory loss.

Question 12

Perthes disease

Answer 12

Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral epiphysis of the femoral head

Question 13

Conservative management of perthes disease age

Answer 13

<6 years of age

Question 14

Caterral staging is for what disease

Answer 14

Perthes

Question 15

Articular surface in caterral staging

Answer 15

Stage 2 preservation of articular disease
Stage 3 femoral head affected
Stage 4 loss of acetabular integrity

Question 16

Management of perthes disease

Answer 16

keeping the femoral head in the acetabulum by braces, casts or surgery.

Question 17

Sites from where cancer metastasize to bone/
Secondary Malignant Tumor of bone

Answer 17

renal, thyroid, lung, prostate, and breast

Question 18

Most common siteof bone metastasis

Answer 18

Spine

Question 19

Genetic association of osteosarcoma

Answer 19

RB1(familial retinoblastoma)
p53 (Li Fraumeni Syndrome

Question 20

Genetic association of chordomas during childhood

Answer 20

Mutations to TSC1 andTSC2 mutation (tuberous sclerosis)

Question 21

Paget’s disease is associated with What kind of cancer

Answer 21

Osteosarcoma

Question 22

which benign bone condition can lead to osteosarcoma

Answer 22

Paget’s disease and fibrous dysplasia

Question 23

Feature of pain in bone cancer

Answer 23

Not associated with movement
Worse at night

Question 24

Codman’s triangle” or as a “sunburst pattern in which brain tumor

Answer 24

Osteosarcoma

Question 25

Osteosarcoma Features

Answer 25

More in males Bimodal age of onset, either at 10-14 years or in those >65yrs Epiphysis of long bones (most commonly the distal femur, proximal tibia, and distal radius).

Question 26

Rhabdomyosarcoma vs Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 26

Rhabdomyosarcoma-striated muscle Leiomyosarcoma-smooth muscle

Question 27

Most frequently site of charcot

Answer 27

Knee or hip joints in Tabes dorsalis Shoulder or elbow joint In syringomyelia

Question 28

Labs in Paget vs 2ndry bone Ca

Answer 28

Paget: only raised ALP 2ndry Tumors: raised ALP, Ca and phosphate

Question 29

Appearance of secondary bone tumors

Answer 29

Sclerotic if from prostate Lytic if from breast

Question 30

Osteoclastoma has a characteristic appearance on x-ray

Answer 30

with multiple lytic and lucent areas (Soap bubble) appearances.

Question 31

Which site secondary tumor of bone are most prone to spontaneous fracture

Answer 31

peritrochanteric region

Question 32

Tumour Features Osteoid osteoma

Answer 32

Males more Younger 10 to 25 Worse at night and relieved by NSAIDS Long bones

Question 33

Histology of Osteoid osteoma

Answer 33

Lesion affects cortex and radiologically consists of a lucent centre surrounded by reactive sclerosis

Question 34

multiple lytic and lucent areas (Soap bubble) appearances

Answer 34

Osteoclastoma/ Giant cell tumor

Question 35

Two syndromes are associated with chondromas both of which are characterised by the formation of multiple enchondromas

Answer 35

, Ollier’s disease and Maffucci syndrome,

Question 36

Endochondroma vs Ecchondroma

Answer 36

En: centre of bone Ec: surface of bone

Question 37

Ollier's disease has which type of chondromatosis

Answer 37

Multiple Enchondromatosis

Question 38

Pedunculated bone cancer

Answer 38

Osteochondroma

Question 39

Features of bone cysts

Answer 39

In adolescence proximal femur and humerus ovoid radiolucent area with surrounding cortical thinning

Question 40

ovoid radiolucent area with surrounding cortical thinning

Answer 40

Bone cysts

Question 41

ES R raised in which bone tumor

Answer 41

Ewing This is asigns ofbad prognosis

Question 42

Treatment of osteosarcoma versus Ewing sarcoma

Answer 42

Osteo: Excision Ewing: excisional surgery and chemotherapy.

Question 43

Which bone tumor occurs in long bones, pelvis and ribs

Answer 43

Chondrosarcoma

Question 44

Mirel scoring system is used

Answer 44

to stratify the risk of spontaneous fracture for bone metastasis of varying types.

Question 45

Paget Disease of Bone

Answer 45

1. Skull vault expansion and sensorineural hearing loss. 2. Areas of sclerosis and radiolucency in skull. 3. Normal Calcium and PTH levels with elevated ALP.

Question 46

Paget disease is actually a problem of

Answer 46

Osteoclast which is followed by osteblast

Question 47

Predisposing factors of paget

Answer 47

increasing age male sex northern latitude family history

Question 48

Bones affected in paget disease

Answer 48

Skull vertebra long bones and pelvis

Question 49

skull x-ray of paget

Answer 49

thickened vault, osteoporosis circumscripta

Question 50

Indications for treatment of paget

Answer 50

bone pain, skull or long bone deformity, fracture, periarticular Paget's

Question 51

Which bone tumor is related to paget disease

Answer 51

Osteogenic sarcoma

Question 52

Complications of paget disease of bone

Answer 52

Pathological fractures High cardiac output failure Osterogenic sarcoma Paraplegia Compressive symptoms due to skull and enlargement for example deafness, blindness

Question 53

Boxer vs Bennet #

Answer 53

Boxer’s fracture – A fracture of the 5th metacarpal neck usually caused by a clenched fist striking a hard object. Bennett’s fracture – A fracture of the 1st metacarpal base, caused by forced hyperabduction of the thumb.

Question 54

Which carpal bones form wrist joint

Answer 54

Scaphoid and lunate

Question 55

Most common ankle ligament injury

Answer 55

Ant talofibukar and calcaneofibular

Question 56

When will callus form

Answer 56

3 weeks Bu fibroblast and chondrblasts

Question 57

Chondromalcia pataeelae key point

Answer 57

A teenage girl with knee pain on walking down the stairs is characteristic for chondromalacia patellae (anterior knee pain). Most cases are managed with physiotherapy.

Question 58

Osgood schlatter disease points

Answer 58

Pain at tibial tuberosity in young athletes but with no hx of injury

Question 59

Rx of patellar fracture

Answer 59

K wiring