Upper Extremity Orthosis Flashcards
Static splints have no moving parts and are used to ______
support, stabilize, protect or immobilize
Static Progressive splints use _______ to create ______
adjustable components such as Velcro,
hinges, screws or turnbuckles
a mobilizing
force to improve motion
T or F the same static progressive splint can be used without remolding
True
Dynamic splints use _________ parts to permit, control or restore movement
Critical Concepts
Moveable
The goal of dynamic splints is to
lengthen tissues
The forces generated by dynamic splints are generated by?
springs, spring wires, rubber
bands, or elastic cords
The two critical concepts of dynamic splints are:
- Force must be ___ load for an extended period of time
- Line of pull must be a ___ angle of segment being mobilized
low
90⁰
Considerations for orthotic selection
What is the primary problem?
What are the goals for splints use?
How will it affect the problem and overall client’s
function?
What benefits will the splint provide?
What limitations will the splint impose?
What evidence is available related to the splint?
Purpose of splints?
1.Support a Painful Joint
2. Immobilize for healing or to protect tissues
3. Provide Stability or Restrict unwanted motion
4. Restore Mobility
5. Substitute for Weak or Absent Muscles
6. Prevent Contractures or Modify Tone
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #1
-Support a painful joint
-Often worn all day, night, or both or during certain
activities
-Should be removed at _____________throughout
the day
Intervals
SHOULDER
-Slings immobilize the whole arm in ___ and __ which is a ________________ position
IR
Adduction
ELBOW
-Counterforce braces change fulcrum position of
the tendon to _____________during contraction
Limit full expansion of the muscle
ELBOW
-Wrist splinted in _______ of extension and worn
with/without counterforce brace will allow
resting of muscles
30-45 degrees
SHOULDER
The primary purpose of shoulder slings is to prevent or correct ____
Subluxation
SHOULDER
- Arm troughs/lapboards
- Used when patient is ______
- Allows appropriate positioning of the _____
in a wheelchair
scapula
HAND/WRIST - \_\_\_\_ hand splint to support wrist, fingers and thumb flexion -Good for \_\_\_
Resting
RA
HAND/WRIST
-0-20⁰ wrist _________, 20-30⁰ of _________, 10-30⁰
PIP flexion, and slight DIP flexion,
Extension
MCP flexion
HAND/WRIST
- Reduce pressure on joint capsules, synovial lining, and ____ structures
- Can leave IP joints or Thumb ___
periarticular
free
HAND/WRIST
- ____splint is the most commonly prescribed splint for UE
Functional position for hand
Best for CTS is 10-15⁰ of extension
Wrist Cock-Up
HAND/WRIST
- ____splint is the most commonly prescribed splint for UE
Wrist Cock-Up
HAND/WRIST
-Wrist cock up splint places wrist in 10-30⁰ of _________ which is the _____ for hand
Functional position
The best wrist position for carpal tunnel syndrome is __to____degrees of extension
10 to 15 degrees
Thumb Spica
Typically on ____ side of wrist or hand to immobilize
___ joint and/or MP joint
radial
CMC
Thumb Spica
-Typically on ____ side of wrist or hand to immobilize
___ joint and/or MP joint
radial
CMC
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #2
- Immobilize for ____ or to ___ Tissues
- Protect after _____ or _____ of a fracture
Healing
Protect
surgery or immobilization
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #2
For hand or wrist: Incorrect application of a
splint or improper positioning while in a splint
may lead to both joint __________ and tissue __________
Contracture
Injury
Neutral or “Safe” position of immobilization for the hand is: -\_\_to\_\_\_ of wrist extension, , DO NOT force joints into ideal position, but as close to this position as possible
10-30⁰
Antideformity or “Safe” position of
immobilization for the hand is:
MCP’s in ___ to ___ of flexion,
70-90⁰
Antideformity or “Safe” position of
immobilization for the hand is:
IPs in __ to __ of flexion
0-15⁰
Neutral or “Safe” position of
immobilization for the hand is:
Thumb in ______
palmar abduction
For tendon repairs, _____ for Extensor Tendon
and for Flexor Tendon
Wrist Cock up
Dorsal Blocking
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #3
-Provide stability or restrict ____ when integrity has been compromised by an acute injury
or a chronic disease: arthritis.
unwanted motion
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #3
Can facilitate ____ of the limb
The ___ is considered to be key to function of the
hand
functional use
wrist
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4
-Restore _____
-Corrects soft tissue or joint ___________ that occur
from poor positioning, trauma, scarring, or
increased muscle tone
-Redness and inflammation
Mobility
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4
-Provide ___ for an extended period of time
low load
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4
-Restore _____
-Corrects soft tissue or joint ___________ that occur
from poor positioning, trauma, scarring, or
increased muscle tone
-Redness and inflammation
Mobility
Contractures
Static Progressive Splinting
Can be worn for ____ throughout the
day
shorter periods of time
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4
- ROM is gained not by tissue stretching but actual _______ _________________
- Watch for signs of excessive stress
Tissue elongation
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4
-Chronically stiff joints or fixed contractures
respond best to ___________________
——Person brought to end range and then progressively
——-stretched and recasted in stretched position
Serial casting
Dynamic Splinting is more effective for _______
contractures
-Typically worn at ___ to not interfere with daily
activities
Large joint
Night
-Static Progressive Splinting
-Can be worn for ____ throughout the
day
shorter periods of time
PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #5
-Substitute for __________________muscles
-Assist clients to maximize function of an affected
UE
-Can be temporary or permanent
-Generally worn during the day or for a specific
functional task
Weak or absent
SHOULDER OR ELBOW Mobile Arm support (MAS) -Typically mounted to \_\_\_ but can be attached to table top -Used with SCI, MD, Guillain-Barre, ALS, and Polio
wheelchair
-For Radial Nerve Palsy, _____
splint dynamically extends wrist, MCPs, and
thumb
Thomas suspension
-Universal Cuffs or a ______ splint for
those with weak grip hold items for patient
Wanchik writing
PURPOSE FOR A SPLINT #6
-Prevent Contractures or Modify ___
-____ positioning in the presence of a healing
wound, muscle imbalance, abnormal tone, or motor
disorders to prevent loss of ROM
Tone
Purposeful
