Test 3: Chronic Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of pain?

A

Acute and chronic

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2
Q

Acute pain is caused by an _________________process,
and usually can be treated directly if not ending with the
healing of the injury itself

A

Nociceptive (sensory nerve)

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3
Q

Chronic pain is defined as any pain lasting ___ months or more. The pain is more complex and can be difficult to determine the cause

A

3

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4
Q

Pain that arises in the nervous system is called?

A

Neurogenic

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5
Q

Pain that has an unknown cause is called?

A

Idiopathic

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6
Q

Chronic pain is often _____, and worsens with time

A

Progressive

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7
Q

What are the two types of chronic pain?

A

Neurogenic and idiopathic

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8
Q

Chronic pain has a _______________ factor, making management more difficult

A

Psychological

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9
Q

With chronic pain, it is hard to find ________________ cause, making treatment
complicated

A

Physiological

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10
Q

Treatment of chronic pain should be ______

A

interdisciplinary

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11
Q

Chronic pain is often ________________________, rather than a symptom of the disease

A

The disease itself

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12
Q

Pain’s estimated cost of medical care is ______ per

year!!! • More then cost of heart disease, diabetes, cancer combined!!!

A

$560-626 BILLION

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13
Q

Different types of chronic Pain Diagnoses

A
  • Low Back Pain
  • Headaches/Migraines
  • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  • Endometriosis
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
  • CRPS
  • And Many more
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14
Q
OTs role in pain
• Inform patient of the neurophysiology behind pain
response
• Clarify your treatment expectations
• Patient participation
A

Yep

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15
Q

OTs Role in pain
• Increase function without ______________ pain
• Facilitating patient goals
• Return to roles and address performance deficits and
ADL’s

A

Increasing

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16
Q

OTs Role in pain • Returning to “__________” patterns of performance • Acknowledge the pain and listen!!! KEY!!

A

normal

17
Q
OTs role in pain
• Inform patient of the \_\_\_\_\_\_ behind pain
response
• Clarify your treatment expectations
• Patient participation
A

neurophysiology

18
Q

OT Interventions for pain

A
  • Proactive Pain Control • Proactive Problem Solving
  • Pacing Activities
  • Communication Skills • Neuromuscular Reeducation
  • Biofeedback
  • Muscle Relaxation Training
  • Pain Journal • Patient Feedback
19
Q

• Psychologically they have become __________________ to their pain, so
changes need to be made slowly, and in a well educated
and understandable manner

A

Habituated

20
Q

• Pain can lead to a _______________including increased

A

Psychological distress

21
Q

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• _____ – Scientific method, emphasize the client’s ability to apply reasoning to their situation

A

Empiricism

22
Q
• Gate Control Theory
• Theory linking \_\_\_\_\_\_\_  with pain
d
• Open gate =
• Closed gate =
A

psychological

23
Q

• Pain transmissions determined by the “gate” (___ ___) being open or close

A

dorsal horn

24
Q

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• ________________ – Client’s perspective about their problems

A

Introspective

25
Q

Guided Ergonomics

A
  • Proper posture
  • Body Mechanics
  • Identify risk factors
  • Energy-conservation techniques
  • Pacing of activities
26
Q

• Coping =

A

“Ongoing cognitive and behavioral efforts” • Struggling to win the fight with pain

27
Q

• Acceptance not only decreases pain perception, but also _____ while increasing function

A

depression

28
Q
• Gate Control Theory
• Theory linking \_\_\_\_\_\_\_  with pain
d
• Open gate =
• Closed gate =
A

psychological

29
Q
  • Active/ adaptive vs. Negative coping for dealing with pain

* Passive =

A

use of dissociation, avoidance, and self-medication. These techniques are maladaptive and prevent the client from breaking apart the link between stimuli and response. They are more effective in the short-term, but actually worsen the condition long-terk

30
Q

Guided Imagery • Create images associated with ______________ and are
pleasant
• Gate control mechanism
• Helps to reduce stressful situation’s outcome
• Active involvement of the client

A

Relaxation

31
Q

• Gate Control Theory

Open=

A

Small (pain) nerve fibers synapse with projections cells to send signals to the brain

32
Q

• Gate Control Theory

Closed=

A

Large (normal) nerve fibers synapse with projection cells to block pain signals to the brain.

33
Q

• ______________ negative coping strategies

A

Eliminate

34
Q

• Positive coping strategies have been shown to improve pain tolerance, reduce intensity and improve function

A

Yep

35
Q

Acceptance
• Acceptance =
• Acceptance is not as simple as just making a mental
decision, it’s living life with satisfaction

A

A person’s assent to the reality of a situation, recognizing a process or condition (often a negative or uncomfortable situation) without attempting to change it or protest it.