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Sectional Anatomy > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Shoulder Girdle made of?

A

Clavicle + Scapula + Proximal Humerus

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2
Q

What are the 3 marks of the clavicles?

A

Sternal and Acromial ends & Body

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3
Q

What are the two curves of the clavicle and where are they located?

A

-Convex anteriorly at sternal end
-Concave anteriorly at acromial end

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4
Q

T/F

-When you go more medially in a sagittal image, the clavicle becomes more dense and larger; can see the articulation between the manubrium

A

True

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5
Q

What is the scapula divided by?

A

scapular spine

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6
Q

What fossa is loctated on the superior part of the clavicle?

A

superior=supraspinous fossa

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7
Q

What fossa is located on the inferior part of the scapula?

A

inferior=infraspinous fossa-divided by the spine

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8
Q

What fossa is located on the anterior part of the scapula?

A

anterior side=subscapular fossa

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9
Q

T/F

The scapula runs diagonally and expands out

A

True

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10
Q

Where is the scapular notch located in relation to the coracoid?

A

Medial to the coracoid

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11
Q

What nerve is travels along the scapular notch?

A

suprascapular nerve

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12
Q

T/F

Sometimes the superior margin of the scapular notch is more prominent

A

True

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13
Q

What does the Scapular spine divide?

A

Divides the posterior region into the infraspinous and supraspinous fossa

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14
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

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15
Q

Where does the deltoid insert?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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16
Q

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

A

S – Supraspinatus
I – Infraspinatus
T – Teres minor
S – Subscapularis

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17
Q

Where does the supraspinatus muscles lie?

A

lies in the supraspinous fossa of the scapula

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18
Q

Where does the tendon of the Supraspinatus Muscle insert?

A

Tendon inserts into the humeral head (greater tubercle).

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19
Q

What shape is the Infraspinatus Muscle?

A

Triangular

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20
Q

Where does the tendon of the Infraspinatus Muscle insert?

A

Tendon inserts on to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

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21
Q

Where does the teres minor muscle lie?

A

Lies along the inferior border of the infraspinatus muscle

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22
Q

Where does the teres minor muscle originate?

A

axillary border of the scapula

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23
Q

Where does the teres minor muscle insert?

A

inserts on to the greater tubercle

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24
Q

What is the only muscle of the rotator cuff located on the anterior surface of the scapula?

A

Subscapularis

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25
Q

Where does the subscapularis originate?

A

subscapular fossa

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26
Q

Where does the subscapularis insert?

A

lesser tubercle of the humerus

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27
Q

T/F

The subscapularis runs lateral from the shoulder

A

True

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28
Q

What is the shape of the Trapezius muscle?

A

Large, triangular muscle

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29
Q

What does the Trapezius cover?

A

Covers the posterior aspect of the neck and superior half of the trunk

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30
Q

Where does the Trapezius insert?

A

Inserts into the clavicle, acromion & scapular spine

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31
Q

What does the Trapezius Connect the upper limbs to and via what?

A

Connects upper limbs to the cranium via the external occipital protuberance (buldge at the back of your skull) and to the vertebral column via the spinous processes of C7 – T12.

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32
Q

T/F

The trapezius is quite superficial

A

True

33
Q

How can we say that the infraspinatus is not the supraspinatus in this image?

A

We are into the glenohumeral joint; and the supraspinatus runs above that joint

34
Q

What does the proximal humerus articulate with?

A

Articulates with the scapula

35
Q

What is the proximal end of the humerus formed by?

A

Proximal end formed by the head of the humerus

36
Q

What are the tubercles of the humerus seperated by?

A

intertubercular groove

37
Q

What are the two necks of the proximal humerus?

A

anatomic and surgical

38
Q

What muscles are contained within the ventral group of the upper arm?

A

contains the biceps brachii and the brachialis

39
Q

What muscles are contained within the dorsal group of the upper arm?

A

contains the triceps brachii

40
Q

How are the upper arm muscles divided?

A

ventral and dorsal groups according to their position

41
Q

Where are the two heads of the biceps brachii located?

A

Located proximally on the humerus

42
Q

Where does the tendon of the long head arise from and where does it travel to meet with the tendon of the short head?

A

From the supraglenoid tubercle and courses through the intertubercular groove to merge with the tendon of the short head.

43
Q

Where does the short head of the biceps brachii arise from?

A

The coracoid process and join with the long head to form the biceps brachii muscle.

44
Q

What does the biceps brachii terminate into?

A

Terminates in two tendons

45
Q

Where does the stronger tendon of the biceps brachii insert into?

A

The stronger one inserts into the radial tuberosity.

46
Q

Where does the brachialis muscle originate?

A

From the anterior surface of the distal humerus

47
Q

What does the brachialis muscle cover?

A

The anterior surface of the elbow

48
Q

Where does the brachialis muscle insert?

A

The ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process.

49
Q

T/F

The brachialis muscle is considered to be the most important flexor of the elbow joint.

A

True

50
Q

What are the 3 heads of the triceps brachii muscle?

A

long, medial and lateral

51
Q

Where does the long head of the triceps brachii originate?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.

52
Q

Where does the lateral head of the triceps brachii arise from?

A

The dorsal surface of the proximal humerus.

53
Q

Where does the medial head of the triceps brachii arise from?

A

From the dorsal surface of the proximal humerus distal to the radial groove.

54
Q

Where do all 3 heads of the triceps brachii insert?

A

Tendon of the 3 heads inserts on the olecranon process.

55
Q

What is the muscle immediately anterior to the humerus distally?

A

brachialis

56
Q

What is the most lateral artery of the upper arm?

A

Subclavian

57
Q

When subclavian artery crosses the clavicle what does it become?

A

Becomes the axillary

58
Q

What does the axillary artery become?

A

Brachial artery

59
Q

What side of the arm is the brachial artery located on?

A

On the medial aspect of the arm

60
Q

Once the brachial artery runs by the elbow, what does it become?

A

The radial artery

61
Q

What are the veins that insert into the subclavian?

A

Axillary and cephalic

62
Q

What vein is located just anterior to the deltoid muscle?

A

Cephalic

63
Q

T/F

The cephalic vein comes in on the lateral and joins the subclavian

A

True

64
Q

Where does the basillic vein join the axillary vein?

A

Basilic vein joins the axillary vein on the medial aspect

65
Q

T/F

The brachial vessels are located superficial to the basilic and cephalic vessels.

A

False; The brachial vessels are located DEEP to the basilic and cephalic vessels.

66
Q

T/F

The basilic vein more prominent than artery

A

True

67
Q

What are the two distinct prominences located on the distal humerus?

A

medial & lateral condyles, with associated epicondyles (superiorly)

68
Q

What are the anterior fossas of the distal humerus called?

A

Coronoid (medial) & radial (lateral)

69
Q

What is the posterior fossa of the distal humerus called?

A

Posterior fossa: Olecranon

70
Q

What are the 2 cartilage covered articular surfaces on the distal humerus?

A

2 cartilage covered articular surfaces: trochlea (medial) & capitulum (lateral)

71
Q

What does the trochlea articulate with?

A

Trochlea articulates with the ulna

72
Q

What does the capitulum articulate with? What does it form?

A

Articulates with the radial fossa of the radius, to form the elbow joint

73
Q

What carpal bones are located in the proximal row?

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

74
Q

What carpal bones are located in the distal row?

A

Trapezoid, capitate, hamate, trapezium

75
Q

T/F

The pisiform since sits anterior in the hand

A

True

76
Q

What row; proximal or distal articulates with the metacarpals?

A

Distal

77
Q

T/F

The capitate is the only carpal bone that articulates with two metacarpals (4+5th)

A

False; Hamate

78
Q

T/F

All of the carpal bones other than the hamate articulate with each corresponding bone

A

True

79
Q

What carpal bones articulate with the radius?

A

Lunate and scaphoid

Sectional Anatomy (19 decks)

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