Unit one Key Area eight

Question 1

Study of genomes related to personalised medicine.

Answer 1

Pharmogenetics

Question 2

Species important for research because it possesses genes equivalent to human genes responsible for inherited disorders.

Answer 2

Model organism

Question 3

Determining the order of bases on DNA fragments and the order of fragments in the genome.

Answer 3

Sequencing

Question 4

Type of enzyme that recognises specific sequence of nucleotides on a DNA strand and cuts the DNA at such a site.

Answer 4

Restriction Endonuclease

Question 5

Application of statistics and computer science to analyse and compare genetic sequence data.

Answer 5

Bioinformatics

Question 6

Study of evolutionary realatedness among different groups of organisms.

Answer 6

Phylogenetics

Question 7

Separation of two groups in a phyogeny when their genomes acquire mutations and become different form one another.

Answer 7

Divergence

Question 8

Large group of living organisms such as bacteria, archaea or eukaryotes.

Answer 8

Domain

Question 9

Use of a molecule that has accumulated mutations over time to construct an evolutionary timescale for groups possessing the molecule.

Answer 9

Molecular clock

Question 10

Term used to describe DNA sequences found to be very similar in the genomes of two organisms being compared.

Answer 10

Conserved

Question 11

The entire genetic information of an organism encoded in the DNA of a complete set of its chromosomes.

Answer 11

Genome

Question 12

Application of sequencing and computational procedures to analyse the genomes of organisms.

Answer 12

Genomics

Question 13

Branching diagram showing evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms based on their genomic difference.

Answer 13

Phylogenetic tree