Unit 3 Key Area 2

Question 1

Increase infrequency of individuals who are homozygous for recessive deleterious alleles.

Answer 1

Inbreeding depression

Question 2

Process by which one variety of organism is crossed with a different variety to try to produce offspring better than either parents.

Answer 2

Hybridisation

Question 3

Improved condition shown by offspring of cross between two different inbred parental strains.

Answer 3

Hybrid vigour

Question 4

Referring to alleles of genes whose expression results in the formation of harmful characteristics.

Answer 4

Deleterious

Question 5

Process by which close relatives are bred with one another and prevented from breeding at random.

Answer 5

Inbreeding

Question 6

Process by which only the organisms with the best features are chosen as the parents of the next generation.

Answer 6

Selective breeding

Question 7

Alteration of an organism’s genome by the insertion of a DNA sequence from a different organism.

Answer 7

Genetic transformation

Question 8

Variety of plant obtained from natural species by selection and/or genetic manipulation and maintained by cultivation.

Answer 8

Cultivar

Question 9

Establishing the order of the nucleotide bases all the way along an organisms DNA.

Answer 9

Genome Sequencing

Question 10

Way in which a plot is dealt with compared to other plots.

Answer 10

Treatment

Question 11

Disordered arrangement of replicate treatments to eliminate bias.

Answer 11

Randomisation

Question 12

One of several copies of a treatment set up to reduce the experimental error.

Answer 12

Replicate