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Higher Biology Dornoch A > Unit one Key are three > Flashcards

Unit one Key are three Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical element present in all proteins in addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

A

Nitrogen

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2
Q

Weak chemical link holding a polypeptide chain in a coil.

A

Hydrogen bond

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3
Q

Strong chemical link joining adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

A

Peptide bond

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4
Q

Type of protein that acts as a chemical messenger.

A

Hormone

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5
Q

Type of protein made by white blood cells to defend the body against antigens.

A

Antibody

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6
Q

Type of protein possessing an active surface which combines with a specific substrate.

A

Enzyme

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7
Q

Chain-like molecule composed of several amino acids.

A

Polypeptide

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8
Q

Molecule composed of one or more polypeptides folded or coiled into a specific shape.

A

Protein

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9
Q

Physical and chemical state of a cell or organism produced as a result of gene expression.

A

Phenotype

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10
Q

One of twenty different types of organic compound which are the basic building blocks of a protein.

A

Amino acid

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11
Q

Molecular language made up of 64 code words.

A

Genetic code

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12
Q

Conversion of the genetic information on mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide.

A

Translation

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13
Q

Process by which a complementary molecule of mRNA is made from a region of a DNA template.

A

Transcription

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14
Q

Type of nucleic acid which carries a specific amino acid to a ribosome.

A

tRNA

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15
Q

Type of nucleic acid which carries a copy of the DNA code from the nucleus to a ribosome.

A

mRNA

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16
Q

Base present in RNA that is complementary to Adenine.

A

Uracil

17
Q

Sub-cellular structure of rRNA and protein which is the site of protein synthesis.

A

Ribosome

18
Q

Sugar present in RNA

A

Ribose

19
Q

Enzyme which controls transcription.

A

RNA Polymerase

20
Q

Triplet of bases on a tRNA molecule which is complementary to a mRNA codon.

A

Anticodon

21
Q

Unit of genetic information consisting of three mRNA bases.

A

Codon

22
Q

Coding region of a gene.

A

Exon

23
Q

Non-coding region of a gene.

A

Intron

24
Q

mRNA strand formed as the complement of a DNA template strand.

A

Primary transcript

25
Q

Region on a tRNA molecule to which a specific amino acid becomes temporarily fixed.

A

Attachment site

26
Q

Joining of exons from a primary transcript of RNA following removal of introns.

A

Splicing

Higher Biology Dornoch A (32 decks)

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