Unit 2 Key Area 7

Question 1

One of two structures formed at a restriction site when DNA is cut by a restriction endonuclease.

Answer 1

Sticky end

Question 1

Enzyme used to seal a DNA fragment into a bacterial plasmid.

Answer 1

DNA ligase

Question 2

The location on a plasmid which is cut open by a restriction endonuclease.

Answer 2

Restriction site

Question 3

Process by which only the organisms with desirable features are chosen as the parents of the next generation.

Answer 3

selective breeding

Question 4

Process by which genetic material form one organism is inserted into the genome of another.

Answer 4

recombinant DNA technology

Question 5

Enzyme used to cut DNA in to fragments and to cleave open bacterial plasmids that are to receive the DNA.

Answer 5

Restriction endonuclease

Question 6

Agent such as a plasmid by means of which a fragment of “foreign” DNA is inserted into a host cell.

Answer 6

Vector

Question 7

Type of chromosome constructed by scientists to act as a vector in DNA technology.

Answer 7

Artificial

Question 8

Form of reproduction by which new genotypes can be produced by fungi but not bacteria.

Answer 8

sexual

Question 9

Tendency of a mutant form of a gene to undergo reverse mutation and revert to the wild type from.

Answer 9

Genetic instability

Question 10

Heritable diversity that exists among living things.

Answer 10

Genetic variation

Question 11

The creation of mutation.

Answer 11

mutagenesis

Question 12

The site on a plasmid which contains genes controlling self-replication of plasmid DNA.

Answer 12

Origin of replication

Question 13

Gene present in a plasmid which enables scientists to determine whether or not a host cell has taken up the plasmid.

Answer 13

Marker

Question 14

Small ring of DNA present in bacteria that is used as a vector in recombinant DNA technology.

Answer 14

Plasmid

Question 15

Referring to an agent (physical or chemical) that acts on DNA and causes mutations.

Answer 15

mutagenic