2.7 Criteria Flashcards
What is mutagenesis?
The creation of mutations and can be achieved using mutageneic agents e.g. UV light, x-rays, gamma rays and mustard gas.
What does exposure of micro-organisms to mutagenetic agents result in?
May produce an improved strain of micro-organism e.g. it gives an increased yield of product.
What does recombinant DNA technology describe?
Taking a gene from an organism and transferring it into a micro-organism and transferring it into a micro-organism to enable the micro-organism to produce plant or animal proteins.
What is a vector?
Is a DNA molecule used to carry foreign genetic material into another cell.
What can both be used as a vector?
Plasmids and artificial chromosomes.
What does restriction endonuclease recognise?
Specific nucleotide base sequences and cutting DNA at those sequences.
What might restriction endonuclease enzymes produce?
DNA fragments with either stick or blunt ends.
What are complementary DNA fragments required for?
To insert them into a plasmid or chromosome.
What enzyme seals DNA fragments into place?
DNA ligase enzymes
Genes are introduced into what type of micro-organism?
Genetically engineered.
What is the point of introducing genes into a genetically modified micro-organism?
Prevents the micro-organisms survival in the external environment.
Why might recombinant yeast cells be used instead of bacteria in producing protein?
They may be used instead because bacteria may be unable to produce an active form of protein due to an inability to correctly fold polypeptides.
