Unit D Section 1.2 Flashcards
What is an electroplaque:
Special organ in a tail of an eel that produces electricity.
What is an Electrical Current:
The steady flow of charged particles.
Two requirements for electricity to flow:
- Energy source
- Complete path or circuit to flow through.
Amperage:
The rate at which an electrical current flows in a circuit.It is a measure of how many electrons move past a point in a circuit each second
Amperage Unit?
Measured by units ‘Amperes’ (A).
Voltage:
A measure of how much electrical energy each electron/charged particles carry.
Voltage Unit:
Measured in units called ‘volts’ (V).
Average amperage in the house:
Most electrical devices in our homes have an amperage of less than 15A.
the amperage of appliances?
60W Lightbulb= 0.5 A Microwave oven= 5-8A Clock radio= 0.4 A Television= 3-4.7 A Toaster= 8 A Toaster oven = 11 A Oven= 35 A Electric Kettle= 13 A Flashlights= 6 V Portable Stereo=6 V Home sockets= 120 V Cars = 12 V Machinery factories= 600V
Difference between conductors and insulators:
- Insulator- Material that currently does not flow easily through
- Conductors- Material that current does flow easily through
Conductor examples:
Silver Nickel Ruby Brass Tin Zinc Human body Aluminum Copper Iron Wool Tungsten Tap water (contained minerals) Heated glass
Insulator examples?
Air Wood Rubber Plastic Fur Porcelain/Ceramic Silk Carbon Distilled water (because it is pure). Glass (room temp)
What is a circuit?
A circuit is a complete path that controls electricity.
What are the four things that a circuit consists of?
Conductor
Energy source
Load
Switch
What is a load?
The load is a device to convert electrical energy to another form of energy.
Ex. , the light bulb is the load. It converts electrical energy to light and heat.
What is electrical energy?
Electrical energy is the energy carried by charged particles.
What is voltage also known as:
Voltage is also called “potential difference.”
For safety reasons, most of electrical devices have fairly low voltage.
What is used to measure voltage?
Voltage is measured by a voltmeter.
How is the voltmeter used?
Red needle must be attached to the positive terminal.
Black lead must be attached to the negative terminal.
Some voltmeters have more than one red terminal. These are used to change the range of voltage readings on the voltmeter.
For example, the meter could indicate either 0 to 5 V or 0 to 15 V, depending on which red terminal is used
millivolt
Each millivolt is 1/1000 of a volt (e.g., 30 mV is 0.030 V).
What will happen if the voltage goes up?
If the voltage goes up = the current will also go up = resistance will stay constant
What happens if the resistance goes up?
It the resistance goes up = the current will go down = voltage will stay constant
