Unit A Section 4.3

Question 1

What were the three goals of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity?

Answer 1

• conservation of biological diversity;
• sustainable use of the components of biological diversity;
• and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.

Each country that signed the treaty agreed to set national policies in place that outlined how to achieve these goals

Question 2

what is the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy?

Answer 2

In Canada, the federal government created the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy in 1995, which describes how Canada will maintain biological diversity for the future.

Question 3

How does the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy promote Biological diversity?

Answer 3

• focusses on in-situ and ex-situ conservation,
• promoting the sustainable use of resources
• ecological approach to the management of human activities.

Question 4

What is Canada’s first national park?

Answer 4

Banff

Question 5

What are the protected-area strategies that each province in Canada has?

Answer 5

• future development of additional provincial parks,
• recreation areas,
• ecological preserves.

The protected areas of Canada allow organisms to live relatively undisturbed in their natural habitats.

Question 6

What is In-situ conservation?

Answer 6

refers to the maintenance of populations of wild
organisms in their functioning ecosystems.

It allows the ecological processes of an area to continue undisturbed.

Question 7

How can a single protected land not help preserve biological diversity?

Answer 7

No single protected area can offer enough land
space or habitat diversity to support all native species or ecosystems.
Linking protected areas together provides corridors for movement and exchange of genetic material essential for the maintenance of biological diversity

Question 8

Who needs to cooperate to create these protected lands?

Answer 8

• cooperation of national, provincial, and municipal governments, along with the support of other organizations, and citizens.
• Many governmental and non-governmental organizations buy land to provide habitat for plant and animal species

Question 9

Which act is preserved land protected under?

Answer 9

under the Ecological Reserves and Natural Areas

Act.

Question 10

How are restoring endangered species, as well as damaged habitats, linked?

Answer 10

because most species can never recover unless they have a habitat in which to live.

Especially if a species is extirpated from an area

Question 11

What other programs also contribute to restoring species and habitat?

Answer 11

Charities,
not-for-profit organizations,
volunteer groups, and
private landowners

Question 12

What doe The Nature Conservancy of Canada do?

Answer 12

• helps to acquire land or raise money
  to ensure the ongoing protection of natural areas.
  -works with local conservation groups, private citizens, and corporations to increase the amount of habitat available for native plants and animals.

Question 13

How do private landowners also contribute?

Answer 13

by returning a percentage of their property to its natural state.

. Landowners are encouraged to restore nesting areas through the seeding of native grasses and shrubs in order to improve waterfowl nesting success

Ex. the Ann and Sandy Cross
Conservation Area,

Question 14

What programs promote the restoration or improvement of available cover in large wetland areas.

Answer 14

. Ducks Unlimited
Canada, through its Prairie Conservation of Agriculture, Resources and the
Environment (CARE) program

Question 15

The Alberta

Cows and Fish Program?

Answer 15

worked with local landowners
to restore Callum Creek in
Southern Alberta

Question 16

What does Restoring a species that has been extirpated require?

Answer 16

a lot of money
and time.

.For example, the swift fox.
-when agriculture began to change its
prairie habitat and it began to face increased competition from species
such as coyotes.
The swift fox was also vulnerable to poisoning programs aimed at wolves and coyotes.

Question 17

How do laws protect threatened or endangered species?

Answer 17

• protected by law from hunting and capture,

- or in the case of plants, from being picked or transplanted

Question 18

What are the laws that protect threatened or endangered species?

Answer 18

• The National Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk - 1994 (CANADA)
• the Species at Risk Act (CANADA)
• Wildlife Act of 1998 (ALBERTA)

Question 19

What did the National Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk allow?

Answer 19

-The accord paved the way for each province to develop legislation to protect their vulnerable plants and animals
- participants in the accord have agreed to recognize
species assessments made by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.
-They have also agreed to establish legislation and programs
-They have also agreed to establish legislation and programs to effectively protect species within their own province or territory
- to protect threatened or endangered species.

Question 20

What was the goal of the Accord?

Answer 20

• is to “prevent species in Canada from becoming extinct as a consequence of human activity.”

Question 21

What was created under the Wildlife Act of 1998

Answer 21

• Endangered Species Conservation Committee
• created to study and determine species at risk in Alberta
• The ESCC produces a status document on Alberta’s plants, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds every five years.

Question 22

Why is bringing species into a new environment

can have disastrous consequences for the native ecosystem.

Answer 22

-Purple loosestrife invades native wetland communities forming a single species stand by germinating and growing faster than any other wetland species
-Purple loosestrife has no natural enemies. No bird, mammal, or fish feeds on it or uses it for shelter.
-reduces the size and diversity of natural plant
communities and has been designated as a noxious weed
-, measures must be taken to control it
-To control purple loosestrife and other invasive species, federal, provincial, and municipal governments continue to develop policies to prevent their spread.

Question 23

What is Ex-situ conservation?

Answer 23

-refers to the conservation of components of
biological diversity outside of a natural habitat
- plays a vital role in species preservation