Unit A Section 1.1 Flashcards
Biological diversity
refers to all the different types of organisms on Earth.
What happens in an ecosystem?
In an ecosystem, living (biotic) things interact with other living and nonliving (abiotic) things in a shared environment.
What are biotic factors:
Animals and plants
What are Abiotic factors:
air, water, and sunlight.
What types of living things are in a boreal forest?
These woodland caribou share a boreal forest
an ecosystem with mosses, lichens, pine trees, black spruce white spruce, poplars, wolves, grizzlies, wolverines, lynx, and a variety of birds.
What types of living things are in a prairie slough?
This prairie slough teems with life such as
dragonflies, mosquitoes, mallards and ruddy ducks, red wing blackbirds, bulrushes, sedge, and muskrats.
What are the six Albertan regions
Canadian Shield Natural Region, the Boreal Forest Natural Region, the Foothills Natural Region, the Rocky Mountain Natural Region, the Parkland Natural Region, and the Grassland Natural Region.
What is a population?
When members of a species live in a specific area and share the same resources, these individuals form a population.
Ex. magpies in park
What is a community?
When populations of different
species live in the same area, these populations form a community
The community is the biotic
component of an ecosystem
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What is a species
A species is a group of organisms that all have the same basic structure.
What does genetic diversity refer to:
Genetic diversity refers to the variations between members of a population.
In any population, these variations are, for the most part, caused by subtle variations in the cells of the organisms.
Example of an organism that has a lot of genetic diversity:
banded snail. Members of this species show a tremendous amount of variation in shell coloring as well as the banding on their shells. The colour can
range from yellow to brown, and the bands on the shell can range from no bands to bands covering the whole of the shell.
Are variations always visible within a species
Some variations between individuals aren’t even visible. For example, all human blood looks the same, but it can be classified into blood types.
What are the four basic blood types:
A, B, AB, or O.
Species Distribution:
Why are the species on our planet not distributed equally:
-Areas around the equator have the greatest number of plant species.
-The number of plant and animal species is greatest in
tropical regions. So the tropical rain forests in equatorial regions contain the greatest biological diversity.
-As you move north to the temperate and then the polar regions, you will find less biological diversity.
-The Arctic and Antarctic regions contain the lowest
biological diversity.
What are the five classification systems:
- Kingdom
- Phylum/Subphylum
- Classes
- Orders
- Families
- Genus/ Genera
How did Linnaeus name organisms in Latin:
Linnaeus arranged species into groups based on their physical structure rather than on their habitat, which earlier systems had done
Why are coral reefs called the amazons of the ocean:
Coral reefs have been called the “amazons of the oceans” because of the richness of their species diversity. Like tropical rainforests, coral reefs support many different communities of organisms surviving on limited nutrients.
Scientists have been using a five-kingdom classification system:
- Animalia (animals),
- Plantae (plants)
- Fungi (yeasts, molds, and mushrooms)
- Protista (most single-celled organisms)
- Monera (bacteria)
What is the most successful life form:
insect
What are the basic facts about living things
- All living things are made up of cells
- need energy
- grow and develop
- reproduce
- adapt to surroundings
What is ecosystem diversity:
the different types of living communities and the environments, such as marshes, lakes, streams, and forests in which they are found.
species diversity
occurs within individual organisms of the same species
Who developed the two name Latin naming system
Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century
1) the first represents the organism’s genus
2) the second represents the organisms particular species
Which part of the ocean has a lot of diversity like tropical forests:
- Coral reefs have a great diversity of species
- Coral reefs support many different communities
