Unit 9 ASR's Flashcards
Prior to the advent of functional assessment, there was an over reliance on:
A. Reinforcement
B. Punishment
C.!Extinction
D. Teaching a placement skills
B Punishment
It was important to get rid of the behavior quickly and a punishment was the effective tool at that time
Prior to the advent of functional assessment, the primary focus was on:
The topography of the behavior
the function of the behavior
Why the behavior was occurring
Increasing the client access to reinforcement.
A. The topography of the bx
Behavior problems are a product of
Developmental disabilities
Dysfunction in the brain
Learning
Bad parenting
Learning.
Behavior problems are learned in the same way that appropriate behaviors are learned.
The purpose of a functional analysis is to:
Identify how to teach the clients new ways to communicate
Eliminate the problem behavior
Identify the schedule of reinforcement for the problem behavior
Identify the maintaining variable for a behavior
Identify the maintaining variable for a behavior
……… Demonstrated that SIB increased want attention was provided for the behavior
Lovaas
Carr
Berkson
Mason
Lovaas
Demonstrated that SIB increased when attention was provided for that behavior
There are two essential features of FA that were Stabley Shang only studies. One is direct observation. What is the other?
A controlled setting
Measurement of behavior in the natural environment
Measurement of behavior in test conditions
Measurement of behavior in test and control conditions
D. Measurement of behavior in test and control conditions
Escape from the man’s is a type of……… Reinforcement.
Social positive
Social negative
Automatic positive
Automatic negative she talking gonna be done in one second that I drink is in the tub for all
Social negative
What is the relevant O in the demand condition?
The presence of task materials
Presence of the therapist
The presentation of demands
Escape from Demands
The presentation of demands.
The presentation of demands ESTABLISHES Escape as a reinforcer and it evokes behaviors that has produced a scape in the past.
In the alone condition, we are testing for:
Behaviors that persist for attention
Behaviors that are maintained by automatic reinforcement
Behaviors that occur to get access to stimuli such as toys
Behaviors that persist in the absence of social consequences
Behaviors that persist in the absence of social consequences
The alone condition suggest maintenance by automatic reinforcement. It doesn’t actually test for that by manipulating contingencies for the behavior because the behavior directly produces its own consequences we can actually deliver or not deliver that consequence. What the alarm condition really does is rule out maintenance by Social the enforcement.
What is the consequence for problem behavior in the play (control) addition?
Nothing; the behavior is ignored
Prompting to interact with a toy
Attention in the form of a reprimand
Escape from the room
Nothing the behavior is ignored
During this condition of a functional analysis, no items or low preferred items are available and a therapist is present in the room, but the therapist only interact with the client contingent upon problem behavior:
Attention condition
Alone condition
Demand condition
Play condition
Attention condition.
The target behavior is aggression defined as hitting, Kicking, or biting. During the attention condition of a functional analysis, the child spits on the therapist, what should the therapist do?
Allow a brief escape from the task.
Ignore behaviors
Provide a brief statement of concern or reprimand
Ignore these behaviors.
The target behavior is aggression defined as hitting, kicking, or biting. During the demand condition of a functional analysis, the tile kick the therapist shin under the table. What are the therapist do?
Allow a brief escape from the task
Ignore these behaviors
Provide a brief statement of concern or reprimand
Call 911
Allow a brief escape from demand
The target behavior is aggression defined as hitting kicking or biting. During the attention condition of a functional analysis the child walks up to the therapist and hits the therapist arm hard enough to leave it bright red mark what should the therapist do.?
Allow a brief escape from the task, ignore these behaviors, provide a brief statement of concern or reprimand, call 911
Provide a brief statement or reprimand
In order to say that we have identified a function for a behavior we are looking for a one or more test conditions elevated as compared to the level of behavior in the control condition.
Typical response pattern graph
The SIB study Of different types of SIB highlights (Iwata .. first Functional analysis study)
You cannot pick treatment based on what SIB Looks like or the topography of the behavior.
From the functional analysis graph provided, what is the probable function of the behavior
Attention, automatic reinforcement escape, multiply controlled.
Attention
From the functional analysis graph provided, what is the probable function of the behavior?
Attention, automatically enforcement, escape, the behavior is multiply controlled
Escape
From the functional analysis graph provided what is the probable function of the behavior?
Attention, automatic reinforcement, escape, the behavior is multiply controlled
Automatic reinforcement
If during an FA the target behavior is high in the demand condition relative to the control condition, this suggest the problem behavior is like the maintained by:
Escape
If during the functional analysis the target behavior is high in the alone condition relative to the control condition, this suggest the problem behavior is likely maintained by
Attention, automatic reinforcement, access to tangibles, escape, the behavior is multiply Controlled
Automatically Reinforcement
In the case of automatic reinforcement There’s another pattern of behavior that we might see that suggests automatic reinforcement and that pattern is high across across all of the functional analysis conditions even the control.
If during the FAA the target behavior is high in the attention condition relative to the control condition, this is just the problem behavior is likely maintain by:
Automatically enforcement, Social positive and force meant, Social negative reinforcement, multiple sources of enforcement. Or do you
Social positive reinforcement represented by adult attention
Why am I more than one test condition be elevated relative to the control condition?
The behavior is under multiple control
Under what circumstances should you include a tangible condition in an FA?
If you strongly suspect maintenance by access to tangibles
How should you select a tangible items for an FA?
Conduct a DA to identify what is typically deliver the following PB, conduct a preference assessment, conduct a reinforcer assessment: ask the clients caregiver and I thought
A. Conduct a descriptive assessment to identify what is typically delivered following PB
What is the main difference between the Carr & Durand (A-B) FA And the Iwata ABC, FA?
Only the A-B FA uses salient SDS
Only the A – B, FA manipulates EO
Only the letter ABC FA manipulates EO‘s
Only the ABCFA manipulates consequences
Only the ABC FA manipulates consequences
According to Worsdell, What is necessary in an FA session to evoke and maintain problem behavior?
The contingency only
What is the main limitation of the Carr and Durand. A-B F a?
The behaviors were on extinction
May not work for all subjects
What is the most efficient and effective duration for functional analysis sessions?
10 minutes
Based on the recommendations of Connors, when should salient S D’s be involved in an FA?
Always, when the client is lower functioning; if you have reason to suspect the client is not discriminating between conditions; never
Always
Name a Nother experimental design other than the multi element that can be used in a functional analysis.
Changing criterion, multiple baseline, pair wise, alternating conditions
Pairwise
Prior to 1982, the behavioral intervention to reduce problem behavior consisted of the arbitrary use of powerful reinforcers of punishers and focused on topography of behavior. True or false
True
In recent years, research has concluded that SIB is:
Part of a larger cognitive disorder, learned, always automatically Reinforced
Learned
What is the most appropriate design for a pre-treatment analog functional analysis in which the client is exposed to four conditions repeatedly,
Multi element
If you are short on assessment time, you might use A:
Brief letter FA, precursor FA, Trial based FA
Brief FA
If you want to conduct the assessment in the natural environment, you might Use a colon brief FA, precursor FA, trial base FA
Trial based FA
Brief FA and full FA show……
Correspondence with respond to results.
Poor, good, it depends on the characteristics of the client, it depends on the setting of the FA
Good
A variable not tested in the standard FA conditions is known as a(n) ;
Individualized variable, unconventional variable, non-standard variable, idiosyncratic variable
Idiosyncratic variable
How many topography of problem behavior can you include in a single functional analysis?
As many as you want initially, one, no more than two, as many as they are in one class e.g., all the topography is of aggression.
As many as you want initially
If you include multiple topography is in one café, what must you do?
Only reinforce one topography per session, graph each topography separately: use a pairwise design to aid in discrimination, add salient SD’s
Graph Each topography separately
Any formal method used to identify sources of reinforcement that maintain problem behavior is called a ______.
a. Functional assessment
b. Functional analysis
c. Descriptive assessment
d. Structured descriptive assessment
Functional Assessment
When conducting a _______, you do not manipulate the environment in any way. You simply observe events as they naturally occur.
a. Functional assessment
b. Functional analysis
c. Descriptive assessment
d. Structured descriptive assessment
Descriptive Assessment
ASR #3 Functional analysis is a type of \_\_\_\_. a.Indirect assessment b.Descriptive assessment c.Structured descriptive assessment d.Functional assessment
functional assessment
