2- behavior analysis practice, outcomes, target behavior, and a preliminary assessment

Question 1

The application of the principles of operant and respondent learning derived from the experimental analysis of behavior and the application of methods and procedures validated by ABA researchers to assess and improve socially important human behaviors

Answer 1

ABA practice

Question 2

Life changes that represent a persons aspirations, dreams, and broad preferences

They are specified in _______. _________, which clearly defined these broad Goals relating to various areas.

Answer 2

Outcomes

Outcome statements

Question 3

Behavior and behavior change

Answer 3

Leads To Outcomes

Question 4

Those skills or abilities that enable the individual to meet standards of personal independence and responsibility that would be expected of his or her age and social group

Answer 4

Adaptive behavior

Question 5

Any defined, observable, and measurable behavior which is the focus of assessment, analysis, and intervention

Answer 5

Target behavior

Question 6

Skill deficits,

strength of behavior

Performance

stimulus control,

generality

behavior excesses.

Answer 6

Types of problems with behavior

Question 7

Helps individual achieve outcomes, behavior deficit makes the person too dependent on others, behavior is harmful, dangerous or illegal, behavior is controlled by meds or restraints, behavior excludes individual from social situations, but Haviar interferes with independent functioning.

Behavior is being controlled by psycho tropic medications or by mechanical or manual restraints.

Behavior excludes the individual from groups and communities., May disrupt disturb or is bizarre

Behavior interferes with independent functioning such as living, working, socializing, and playing.

Answer 7

Reasons for selecting target behavior

Question 8

The treatment goals and the achieved outcomes are acceptable, socially relevant, and useful to the individual receiving services and to those who care about the individual.

Answer 8

Social validity

Question 9

Objective, clear, complete

Answer 9

Characteristics of a good response definition

Question 10

The practitioner gather his basic information about the case, determines if behavioral services are appropriate, and if he or she is the appropriate provider of those services

Answer 10

Preliminary assessment

Question 11

Determine who has the authority to give consent for services.

Determine whether or not you have the permission, skills, time, and resources to begin assessment.

Complete intake paperwork or the equivalent, may be done by cleric,

review records and available data

, meet client and begin observations

, document

Answer 11

Steps of preliminary assessment

Question 12

To help the individuals we serve to have a better quality of life and to achieve meaningful outcomes,

Answer 12

Main goal of ABA practitioners

Question 13

We change socially significant behavior is only to….

Answer 13

Make a difference in peoples lives

Question 14

The assessment, design, implementation, evaluation, and revision of intervention programs to change behavior of individuals and groups and

Behavior analytic consultation to individuals and organizations.

Answer 14

ABA practice includes this but is not limited to

Question 15

1. Direct observation
   2 measurement
   3 graphing, charting
   4 manipulation of antecedents and consequences

In the clinic and real world

Answer 15

ABA practice involves

Question 16

Choice
Access to reinforcers
Avoidance of aversive stimuli
Health and safety
Interpersonal relationships
Variety and diversity of things, activities, people and events in the persons life

Answer 16

Outcomes specified in outcome statements.

Question 17

Socially significant Outcomes
Contextualu appropriate outcomes
Reachable Outcomes
Measurable outcomes

Answer 17

Outcomes and behavior change

Question 18

Not specific changes in behavior

Represent changes in the persons overall life experience.

Make a diff I’m people’s lives

Can address improvements in:
Home life
School life and/or work life
Social life and/or leisure life

Answer 18

Identifying Outcomes

Question 19

I want to move out On my own

I want to own my own home

I want to get married

I want to have children and raise a family

Answer 19

Sample outcomes home

Question 20

I want to graduate from high school.

I want to get excepted into a scholarship to Florida Tech.

I want to graduate from college.

I want to be excepted to Florida text Masters program in ABA.

I want to graduate with my MS degree

Answer 20

Social outcomes school

Question 21

I want to get my BC BA

I want to get a job as a school board behavior analyst

I want to get a raise/promotion

I want to have a flexible work schedule

Answer 21

Sample outcomes – work – employee

Question 22

I want to employees to be more productive/more accurate. I want to reduce sick time. I want to reduce accidents. I want to make greater profits

Answer 22

Sample Outcomes-Work for an employer

Question 23

I want to have at least two friends and who I can confide and with whom I can share my life. I want to go out with friends at least a couple of times per month. I want to learn to play golf. I want to learn to play the piano.

Answer 23

Sample outcomes Social/leisure

Question 24

I want to communicate in such a way that I am more likely to get what I want.

I want to maintain my current lifestyle after retirement

Answer 24

Sample outcomes- Other

Question 25

``` Graduating from high school Moving to your own apartment Getting married Buying a house Getting a job as a behavior analyst ```

Answer 25

Observable and measurable Outcomes

Question 26

How are behavior and behavior change related to outcomes?

Answer 26

Behavior and behavior change lead to outcomes

Question 27

Adult outcomes can in part be seen as a function of

Answer 27

Adaptive behavior competencies (Mazefsky, Williams, Minshew 2008 Adaptive behavior competencies will get you through times of no academic skills; better than academic skills will get you through times of no adaptive behavior competencies (Gerhardt 2012

Question 28

Refers to typical performance of individuals without disabilities in meeting environmental expectations. Changes according to a person’s age, cultural expectations and environmental demands Heward 2005

Answer 28

Adaptive behavior (continued)

Question 29

Outcome: lisa wants to live in her own apartment What behavior does Lisa need to engage in to live in her own apartment? Mike wants to eat his dinner as soon as he gets home from work What behavior does mike need to engage in to eat dinner as soon as he gets home?

Answer 29

Examples of Adaptive Behavior leading to Outcomes

Question 30

Problem behavior can be replaced with

Answer 30

Adaptive skills

Question 31

Targeted for development, strengthening, replacement, we can, to get under stimulus control, or for maintenance or generalization

Answer 31

Target behavior

Question 32

1 asking a new fellow student about her hobbies 2. Buying items with the lowest sugar content after checking the labels 3. Catching a bus to get home 4. Floating in a pool without drowning 5. Frying an egg without burning it

Answer 32

Examples of target behaviors

Question 33

Skill deficits. ``` Problems with : • strength of behavior. • performance. Problems • stimulus control. • generality • Behavior excesses. ```

Answer 33

Types of problems

Question 34

Can’t do - skill deficit Does not do at all ``` does but not independently, only with assistance, does but does not initiate, only does when told to do, maybe performance problem Problem with strength. Does but Not well enough, Lacks mastery, Does well enough but lacks fluency Does well enough but not frequently enough ``` Wont do, performance problem Does, but only under limited circumstances, problems with generality Does at the wrong time or in the wrong place, problem with stimulus control Does too much, behavior excess

Answer 34

Problems with behavior

Question 35

Must pass the dead man’s test Behavior and not only a label. Though you may use some labels for response classes. Can you count it? The more specific the better usually Choose the target behavior that will have the greatest impact If you target behavior to decelerate you must target at least one replacement behavior for increase

Answer 35

Targeting behavior general guidelines

Question 36

1. The social significance of the goals of intervention 2. The acceptance of the intervention for stager is by society, direct participants, and the individual serve. Three. Consumer satisfaction with the end results, both planned and unplanned.

Answer 36

Social Validity refers to

Question 37

1. Are the girls I want to achieve shared by the people and the setting and in society 2. Well I produce results that are satisfactory to the consumers? 3. will they be effective in achieving the desired outcomes? 4. Are the target behavior is likely to be maintained or reinforced in the target environment? 5 are the interventions I’m considering likely to be acceptable to the participants and consumers

Answer 37

Social validity questions to ask

Question 38

1 observe competent peer. Highly capable performers of the skill 2. Interview experts 3 social validity paper/pencil questionnaires

Answer 38

Strategies for establishing social validity

Question 39

Describe the behavior in terms of what it looks like, the form of the response. Should include intensity and or severity as part of the definition, if that is relevant Give clear examples and non-examples

Answer 39

Topography and response definitions

Question 40

Duration may be part of the definition | Latency maybe part of the definition

Answer 40

Definitional issues

Question 41

The first step in the assessment process is

Answer 41

Identifying the problem

Question 42

G-O1,02,03,07,08 Review records and available data at the outset of the case Consider Bio logical/medical variables that may be affecting the client Conduct a Preliminary assessment of the client in order to identify the referral problem. Practice within one’s limits of professional competence in applied behavior analysis, and obtain consultation, supervision, and training, Or make referrals as necessary. Identify and make environmental changes that reduce the need for behavior analysis services.

Answer 42

From the BACB task list

Question 43

Often referred to as screening. The practitioner gathers basic information about the case, determines if behavioral services are appropriate, and if he/‘she is the appropriate provider of those services

Answer 43

Preliminary assessment

Question 44

This step of the preliminary assessment includes the bulk of the screening process and covers most of the goals of the preliminary assessment.

Answer 44

Step 2 Determine whether or not you have the permission, skills, time, and resources to begin assessment

Question 45

A. Begin to identify the problem or problems. B. Determine whether or not ABA services are needed and/or desired. C. Determine whether or not other types of services may be needed such as medical services D. If ABA services are needed and desired; determine whether or not to take the case. Begin to identify simple environmental changes that may reduce the need for ABA services. Begin to identify outcomes if any. Begin to identify outcomes if any

Answer 45

Goals of A preliminary assessment

Question 46

Is it really a problem with behavior? Is the problem with the prospective client or someone else?

Answer 46

Goal.B- part 1: ABA services needed/desired?

Question 47

Problems significant enough to require intervention? Problems amenable to environmental manipulation? Support and resources available?

Answer 47

Go B – part 2: ABA services needed/desire?

Question 48

Roll out biological/medical conditions by referring to physician, when appropriate. If bio/med conditions take into account. How about are the services? Behavior therapy by other licensed professional, social services, all the professionals such as PT, OT, SLP, etc.

Answer 48

Goal C: other services?

Question 49

Is the person group or organization likely to benefit from your services? Do you have the skills? Do you have the time? Do you have supports were you to require them? Are the financial arrangements satisfactory to all parties?

Answer 49

Goal D: take the case?

Question 50

3. Complete intake paperwork or the equivalent maybe done by Cleric 4. Review records and available data

Answer 50

Preliminary assessment steps three and four

Question 51

Cannot do it all Does but not independently Can’t do at all Can only do it with assistance Does not initiate but can do it Only do when told to May be a performance problem

Answer 51

Skill deficit

Question 52

Does but not well enough Lacks mastery Does well enough but lacks fluency Does well enough but not frequently enough

Answer 52

Problem with strength of behavior

Question 53

Does it but only under limited circumstances

Answer 53

Problem with generality

Question 54

Does too much

Answer 54

Behavior excess

Question 55

Will not do problem

Answer 55

Performance problem