Unit 9,10,11 Flashcards
Circulatory system of the heart
The heart has a one way flow of blood around the circulatory system
When does the heart pump blood at low pressure?
When it pumps to the lungs
What does the heart consist of?
The heart consists of two muscular pumps divided by a septum
What does the right ventricle do?
The right ventricle forces blood to the lungs
How does pulse rate increase
Doing exercise
How are arteries adapted to their function?
Arteries have thick muscular and elastic walls to withstand high blood pressure
How are capillaries adapted to their function?
Capillaries have walls that are one cell thick so that substances can pass easily
What is the function of phagocytes?
Phagocytes ingest pathogens and digest them using enzymes
What is the function of lymphocytes?
Lymphocytes make antibodies that protect against pathogens in the body
What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is a disease causing organism
Examples of mechanical barriers
Skin and hairs in the nose
What is active immunity?
Active immunity is a defense against a pathogen by antibody production in the body
What is passive immunity?
Passive immunity is a short term defense against pathogens
Where does air that is inspired passed through?
The inspired air passes down the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles to the alveoli
Where does gas exchange take place?
Gas exchange occurs between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the surrounding capillaries
