Unit 20 - Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology

Question 1

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 1

Genetic engineering is when a gene from the organism is introduced to a different organism

Question 2

Why do people do genetic engineering?

Answer 2

It’s done to create useful proteins that wouldn’t normally be produced

Question 3

How is genetic engineering done?

Answer 3

Genes are cut from an organism by a special kind of enzyme called restriction enzyme. The restriction enzyme cuts DNA open, separating the strands creating an opportunity to fit a gene between them

Question 4

Examples of genetic engineering?

Answer 4

Human medicine like insulin
Insect resistance in crop plants
Additional vitamins in crop plants

Question 5

What does insulin do?

Answer 5

Insulin controls blood glucose

Question 6

What types of diabetes is there?

Answer 6

Type 1

Type 2

Question 7

What do type 1 diabetes people need to do?

Answer 7

They need to inject insulin daily

Question 8

How has genetic engineering helped people with diabetes?

Answer 8

The human insulin gene can be transferred into a bacterial plasmid. The bacteria grow to produce lots of human insulin

Question 9

How has genetic engineering helped farmers?

Answer 9

Farmers can use genetic engineering to create GM crops. Farmers cross the best crops they have to create the best crop possible