Unit 3,4,5,6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is diffusion

A

The net movement of molecules or ions from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down the concentration gradient

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2
Q

What factors affect the rate of diffusion

A

Temperature

Distance molecule travels

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3
Q

What is osmosis

A

Osmosis is the net flow of free water molecules down a water potential through a partially-permeable membrane

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4
Q

What is active transport

A

Active transport is the movement of ions or molecules in or out of a cell through the cell membrane against a concentration gradient

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5
Q

What does a balanced diet contain

A
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Fiber
Minerals
Water
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6
Q

Carbohydrates contain what

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

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7
Q

What are Proteins

A

Proteins are long chain molecules made up of smaller molecules called amino acids

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8
Q

The structure of DNA

A

Double Helix
Formed by pairs of bases
4 different types of bases A-T C-G

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9
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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10
Q

Enzymes are biological catalysts:

A

Increase the rate of chemical reaction

Without being used up

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11
Q

Example of an enzyme

A

Catalase is found in plant cells. It breaks down toxic hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water

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12
Q

Enzymes properties

A
They are all proteins
Each enzyme catalyses one reaction
They can be used again and again
They are influenced by PH
They are influenced by temperature
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13
Q

The process of Photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water —- sunlight and chlorophyll —- glucose + oxygen

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14
Q

From where does the leave get the water for photosynthesis

A

From the soil through the roots

Needs to go to the leave

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15
Q

From where does the leave get CO2

A

Comes from the air

Plant takes it up through stomata

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16
Q

The requirements for photosynthesis

A

Light
Chlorphyll
Carbon dioxide
Water

17
Q

For what is glucose used in the plant

A

Glucose is used by plants for energy and to make other substances like cellulose and starch

18
Q

Rate of photosyntehsis: As the temperature increases

A

The rate of photosynthesis decreases because enzymes get denatured

19
Q

Rate of photosynthesis: As the rate carbon dioxide increases

A

The rate of photosynthesis increases to a certain point

20
Q

Limiting factors: Light intensity

A

Light intensity influences the rate of photosynthesis. If the light intensity is low, it does not matter if the plant has lots of carbon, it will not photosynthesize because it doesn’t have enough light

21
Q

Limiting factor: CO2 Concentration

A

If there is not enough CO2 the plant won’t photosynthesize

22
Q

Limiting factor: Temperature

A

The rate at which enzymes work is affected by temperature