Unit 16 - Reproduction Flashcards
What is reproduction?
Reproduction means producing a new living organism
Types of reproduction
Asexual and sexual
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is when there is only one parent. The offspring is identical to the parent.
What is sexual reproduction?
In sexual reproduction there are two parents. The parents have sex organs called gametes.
Function of the sepal?
Protect the flower when its a bud
Function of the petals?
Petals are brightly coloured and scented. Insects land on the petals to feed on nectar
Function of the anther?
Where the pollen is made
What is pollination?
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma
Who does pollination?
Insects or by the wind.
Why is pollination needed?
Pollination is needed to transfer the male gamete to the female gamete so that fertilisation can occur.
What adaptations do insect pollinated flowers have?
Bright petals, scent and nectar
What adaptions do wind pollinated flowers have?
Inconspicuous with feathery stigmas and anthers that hang out the flower
When does fertilisation occur?
Fertilisation occurs when the male gamete nucleus form the pollen fuses with the gamete nucleus inside an ovule
What does the male reproductive system consist of?
It consists of the testes, scrotum, sperm ducts, prostate gland, urethra and penis.
What does the female reproductive system consist of?
The female reproductive system consists of the ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina
What is the function of the ovaries?
The ovaries produce eggs which are released into the oviducts during ovulation
What is the oviduct?
The oviduct is the organ where fertilisation occurs
Hoe does fertilisation in humans occur?
Fertilisation occurs when the nucleus of a sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of an egg cell.
Where does the fétus grow?
The fétus grows and develops inside the uterus.
How does the fétus get the nutrients it needs?
The fétus gets its nutrients through the umbilical cord which attaches to the placenta.
What happens to the muscles in the uterus during labour?
The muscles contract
What happens to the baby at birth?
The baby passes out through the vagina. The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta detaches from the uterus.
What is ante-natal care?
It involves the mother having enough calcium, iron, carbohydrates and protein in her diet.
What happens to boys during puberty?
Testosterone stimulates the growth of the penis, the testes make sperm, growth of hair in the face, deepened voice, development of muscles
