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Biology Yr 10/11 > Unit 16 - Reproduction > Flashcards

Unit 16 - Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is reproduction?

A

Reproduction means producing a new living organism

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2
Q

Types of reproduction

A

Asexual and sexual

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3
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Asexual reproduction is when there is only one parent. The offspring is identical to the parent.

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4
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

In sexual reproduction there are two parents. The parents have sex organs called gametes.

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5
Q

Function of the sepal?

A

Protect the flower when its a bud

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6
Q

Function of the petals?

A

Petals are brightly coloured and scented. Insects land on the petals to feed on nectar

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7
Q

Function of the anther?

A

Where the pollen is made

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8
Q

What is pollination?

A

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma

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9
Q

Who does pollination?

A

Insects or by the wind.

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10
Q

Why is pollination needed?

A

Pollination is needed to transfer the male gamete to the female gamete so that fertilisation can occur.

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11
Q

What adaptations do insect pollinated flowers have?

A

Bright petals, scent and nectar

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12
Q

What adaptions do wind pollinated flowers have?

A

Inconspicuous with feathery stigmas and anthers that hang out the flower

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13
Q

When does fertilisation occur?

A

Fertilisation occurs when the male gamete nucleus form the pollen fuses with the gamete nucleus inside an ovule

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14
Q

What does the male reproductive system consist of?

A

It consists of the testes, scrotum, sperm ducts, prostate gland, urethra and penis.

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15
Q

What does the female reproductive system consist of?

A

The female reproductive system consists of the ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina

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16
Q

What is the function of the ovaries?

A

The ovaries produce eggs which are released into the oviducts during ovulation

17
Q

What is the oviduct?

A

The oviduct is the organ where fertilisation occurs

18
Q

Hoe does fertilisation in humans occur?

A

Fertilisation occurs when the nucleus of a sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of an egg cell.

19
Q

Where does the fétus grow?

A

The fétus grows and develops inside the uterus.

20
Q

How does the fétus get the nutrients it needs?

A

The fétus gets its nutrients through the umbilical cord which attaches to the placenta.

21
Q

What happens to the muscles in the uterus during labour?

A

The muscles contract

22
Q

What happens to the baby at birth?

A

The baby passes out through the vagina. The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta detaches from the uterus.

23
Q

What is ante-natal care?

A

It involves the mother having enough calcium, iron, carbohydrates and protein in her diet.

24
Q

What happens to boys during puberty?

A

Testosterone stimulates the growth of the penis, the testes make sperm, growth of hair in the face, deepened voice, development of muscles

25
Q

What happens to the girls during puberty?

A

The ovaries start making oestrogen, growth of female organs, the start of the period, growth of hair in the body, growth of breasts

26
Q

What happens during a menstrual cycle?

A

A follicle develops inside the ovary and the lining of the uterus thickens.

27
Q

What does the pituitary hormone stimulate?

A

It stimulates the development of a follicle inside the ovary

28
Q

What does oestrogen stimulate?

A

It stimulates the thickening of the uterus lining.

29
Q

What does LH stimulate?

A

It stimulates ovulation and the formation of the yellow body from the remains of the follicle

30
Q

What are a types of contraceptives?

A

Condoms, pill, IUD and IUS

31
Q

What is IVF (Fertilisation in Vitro)?

A

IVF is a technique in which fertilisation takes place in a Pétri Dish

32
Q

What is STI?

A

A sexually transmitted infection is a disease that is transmitted via body fluids during sexual contact.

33
Q

How can STI be prevented?

A

Use of condoms and education programmes

Biology Yr 10/11 (13 decks)

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